Cultivar 308: Carmine Jewel

Taxon ID:

Usage Facet: class=edible; edible_score=1.0; ornamental_score=0.0; inferred_from_taxon=no

Relationships: 0 | Linked Entities (visible): 0 | Evidence claims: 59 | History events: 0 | Catalog issue offerings: 0

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Evidence Badge: supported | claims=59 | sources=5 | contradictions=0

Claim Types: productivity:11, recommendation_context:8, description_snippet:6, caption_context:5, anecdote_snippet:4, culinary_use:4, fruit_color:4, flavor_profile:3, breeder_reference:2, fruit_size:2, growth_habit:2, keeping_quality:1, release_year_reference:1 | Open evidence summary JSON | Open citation drawer JSON

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Wiki Draft

Carmine Jewel is a dwarf sour cherry introduced by the University of Saskatchewan and released in 1999. It is described as the first dwarf sour cherry in this breeding context. By the early 2000s, it was already widely planted and had become the main cherry in commercial prairie production. It is also listed as the most commonly recommended dwarf sour cherry for northern Manitoba. [S2] [S4]

Prairie sources present the cultivar as an early and important commercial cherry, not a novelty. Bob Bors's notes say growers kept planting it because it performed well, cropped heavily, and reached market before later cherries. Its early season added to its appeal, since it was often the first cherry to ripen and could bring the highest prices at farmers' markets. Some growers were satisfied enough with Carmine Jewel that they reported no desire to plant the newer Romance series selections. [S2]

The fruit is smaller and less sweet than the larger Romance series cherries, but it is valued for its very dark color and processing quality. Sources say fully ripe fruit becomes nearly black, with the dark color extending through the flesh. If picked too early at the red stage, it has about half the sugar and twice the acidity of fully ripe fruit. Pies and jams are described as gourmet compared with traditional Montmorency cherries. The fruit also makes very dark juice or wine and gives strong color in dairy products. [S2] [S3]

Carmine Jewel ripens early, in mid-August or early September in Manitoba guidance. University of Saskatchewan notes describe it as the first cherry to ripen each season. Fruit can hang on the bush instead of dropping, and in some cases it may dry on the plant like raisins. That holding ability helps with harvest timing, but it also means new growers may mistake red fruit for ripe fruit and pick it weeks too early. Manitoba guidance says the fruit lasts only a couple of days in refrigeration, so it is best handled quickly, eaten fresh after pitting, or frozen or canned. [S2] [S4]

The plant is productive, though it may take a few years to show its capacity. Reports describe only a few fruit in the third or fourth year, followed by a sharp jump the next year, with average production around 25 to 30 pounds per bush and occasional much higher yields on well grown backyard plants. University plots on heavy clay reportedly produced about half as much. Carmine Jewel also proved suitable for mechanical harvest with the Joanna harvester, though its productive branches can run close to the ground and very heavy crops could force growers to run harvesters slowly. A related comparison note says Juliet has a sturdier bush, which implies Carmine Jewel may be somewhat less robust in structure than that later cultivar. [S1] [S2] [S3]

Prairie evidence supports Carmine Jewel as a hardy cherry, but not the hardiest in its group. Manitoba guidance says dwarf sour cherry had shown good winter hardiness across the prairies since public release in 1999 and recommended Carmine Jewel for testing in northern Manitoba. In Saskatchewan observations, the winter of 2008/2009 caused slight or minor injury, including some delayed bloom on affected branches, yet those branches still fruited. At that site, Carmine Jewel was hardier than Romeo and Crimson Passion, but less hardy than Juliet, Valentine, and Cupid. [S2] [S3] [S4]

In these sources, Carmine Jewel is placed in the dwarf sour cherry group and serves as a practical benchmark for later University of Saskatchewan cherries. Juliet is described as sweeter, sturdier, and less intensely colored, while Carmine Jewel stands out for earliness, dark flesh, and proven prairie commercial use. The packet does not provide direct parentage, so its origin can be described only at the level of the University of Saskatchewan breeding program and its role as an early foundation cultivar in that line. [S2] [S3] [S4]

Summary source basis

This summary currently draws chiefly from Carmine Jewel Notes: Based on observations from 2004 to 2009, with 4 additional supporting sources linked below.

Featured source descriptions

“Appears in the Dwarf Sour Cherry variety list without any separate cultivar-specific trait details on this page.”
[5]
“Listed as a recommended Dwarf Sour Cherry variety for northern Manitoba conditions, with notation that it is the most common choice among listed selections.”
[5]
“Listed as a recommended cultivar for northern Manitoba under Dwarf Sour Cherry; marked as most common.”
[5]

Parentage

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Related cultivars mentioned in source context

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Cold Hardiness

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Citation Drawer (Top Supporting Sources)

DocumentTitle/URLRightsClaimsRelationshipsHistory EventsPagesSnippets
107Carmine Jewel Notes: Based on observations from 2004 to 2009unknown3700p1 p2Figure 3 shows Carmine Jewel bushes in their 5th year with technician Pete Reimer.; The first small-yield year is presented as the time to build customers because the next year the crop may increase sharply.; Carmine Jew
143Recommended fruit Varietiesunknown800p2 p3The text notes sugar is often added to sour cherries anyway.; Described as not as sweet as the Romance series but having good character and flavour.; Described as the most dependable variety over many years, though Julie
102Haskap Breeding & Production - Final Report, January 2012unknown600p130 p132This figure is used as a visual example of a low-branching fruiting bush in a mechanized harvesting discussion.; The caption characterizes the near-ground branches as productive.; The bushes show productive branches clos
108Juliet Notes: Based on observations in 2008 & 2009unknown600p1 p2Juliet's bush is described as sturdier than Carmine Jewel.; Carmine Jewel is characterized as an earlier ripening variety than Juliet.; Juliet is described as usually about 4 degrees Brix higher than Carmine Jewel.; Carm
111Fruit Crops for Northern Manitobaunknown200p14Described in the list as the most common recommended variety.; Listed as a recommended dwarf sour cherry variety for northern Manitoba.

Citation Evidence (Page-Linked Quotes)

DocumentPageClaim TypeClaimQuoteMatch
143p3culinary_useThe text notes sugar is often added to sour cherries anyway.Carmine Jewel (Uof S) earliest to ripen, black fruit. Most dependable variety over many years although some years Juliet and Valentine did better.page_block:0.90
143p3flavor_profileDescribed as not as sweet as the Romance series but having good character and flavour.Carmine Jewel (Uof S) earliest to ripen, black fruit. Most dependable variety over many years although some years Juliet and Valentine did better.page_block:0.90
143p3productivityDescribed as the most dependable variety over many years, though Juliet and Valentine did better in some years.Carmine Jewel (Uof S) earliest to ripen, black fruit. Most dependable variety over many years although some years Juliet and Valentine did better.page_block:0.90
143p3fruit_colorFruit described as black.Carmine Jewel (Uof S) earliest to ripen, black fruit. Most dependable variety over many years although some years Juliet and Valentine did better.page_block:0.90
143p3recommendation_contextPlaced under 'Best for commercial production (but great for gardeners too)'.Carmine Jewel (Uof S) earliest to ripen, black fruit. Most dependable variety over many years although some years Juliet and Valentine did better.page_block:0.90
143p3breeder_referenceListed as a University of Saskatchewan cultivar.Carmine Jewel (Uof S) earliest to ripen, black fruit. Most dependable variety over many years although some years Juliet and Valentine did better.page_block:0.90
143p2breeder_referenceThe section states that Uof SK sour cherries are breakthroughs in sour cherry breeding, supporting University of Saskatchewan context for this group.Dwarf Sour Cherry August, but Carmine Jewel may be late Julypage_block:0.90
143p2recommendation_contextMentioned in the dwarf sour cherry harvest timing line: August, but Carmine Jewel may be late July.Dwarf Sour Cherry August, but Carmine Jewel may be late Julypage_block:0.90
102p132description_snippetThis figure is used as a visual example of a low-branching fruiting bush in a mechanized harvesting discussion.Figure 31. Four year old 'Carmine Jewel' bushes showing productive branches close to the ground.page_block:0.90
102p132productivityThe caption characterizes the near-ground branches as productive.Figure 31. Four year old 'Carmine Jewel' bushes showing productive branches close to the ground.page_block:0.90
102p132growth_habitThe bushes show productive branches close to the ground.Figure 31. Four year old 'Carmine Jewel' bushes showing productive branches close to the ground.page_block:0.90
102p132caption_contextFigure 31 depicts four-year-old 'Carmine Jewel' bushes.Figure 31. Four year old 'Carmine Jewel' bushes showing productive branches close to the ground.page_block:0.90
102p130caption_contextThe low branch position is referenced in relation to figure 3.Young Carmine Jewel bushes have been observed with productive branches close to the ground (fig 3).page_block:0.90
102p130productivityYoung Carmine Jewel bushes were observed to have productive branches close to the ground.Young Carmine Jewel bushes have been observed with productive branches close to the ground (fig 3).page_block:0.90
111p14description_snippetDescribed in the list as the most common recommended variety.Dwarf Sour Cherry Recommended Varieties: · Carmine Jewel (most common)page_block:0.90
111p14recommendation_contextListed as a recommended dwarf sour cherry variety for northern Manitoba.Dwarf Sour Cherry Recommended Varieties: · Carmine Jewel (most common)page_block:0.90
108p2growth_habitJuliet's bush is described as sturdier than Carmine Jewel.While the fruit colour is not as intense as ‘Carmine Jewel’ it is a deep burgundy redpage_block:0.90
108p2anecdote_snippetCarmine Jewel is characterized as an earlier ripening variety than Juliet.While the fruit colour is not as intense as ‘Carmine Jewel’ it is a deep burgundy redpage_block:0.90
108p2description_snippetJuliet is described as usually about 4 degrees Brix higher than Carmine Jewel.While the fruit colour is not as intense as ‘Carmine Jewel’ it is a deep burgundy redpage_block:0.90
108p2fruit_colorCarmine Jewel is used as the comparator with more intense fruit color than Juliet.While the fruit colour is not as intense as ‘Carmine Jewel’ it is a deep burgundy redpage_block:0.90
108p1entry_hardiness_observationCarmine Jewel had minor injuries in the winter of 2008/2009.while in 2009 ‘Juliet’, ‘Valentine’, and ‘Carmine Jewel’ had similar yieldspage_block:0.90
108p1productivityIn 2009 Carmine Jewel had similar yields to Juliet and Valentine and was coming close to full production.while in 2009 ‘Juliet’, ‘Valentine’, and ‘Carmine Jewel’ had similar yieldspage_block:0.90
107p2caption_contextFigure 3 shows Carmine Jewel bushes in their 5th year with technician Pete Reimer.Acommon problem with CJ has been that new growers often pick the fruit weeks before it is ripe.page_block:0.90
107p2recommendation_contextThe first small-yield year is presented as the time to build customers because the next year the crop may increase sharply.Acommon problem with CJ has been that new growers often pick the fruit weeks before it is ripe.page_block:0.90
107p2productivityCarmine Jewel often has only a handful of fruit in the 3rd or 4th year, but may have about 20 lbs the next year.Acommon problem with CJ has been that new growers often pick the fruit weeks before it is ripe.page_block:0.90
107p2productivityThe first year Carmine Jewel blooms may have few flowers that set fruit, but the following year is usually much higher.Acommon problem with CJ has been that new growers often pick the fruit weeks before it is ripe.page_block:0.90
107p2recommendation_contextSome growers reported having to drive harvesters very slowly because there was so much fruit and their machines were designed for smaller yields.Acommon problem with CJ has been that new growers often pick the fruit weeks before it is ripe.page_block:0.90
107p2productivityCarmine Jewel was harvested nicely with a mechanical harvester named Joanna.Acommon problem with CJ has been that new growers often pick the fruit weeks before it is ripe.page_block:0.90
107p2anecdote_snippetGrowers have been very happy with Carmine Jewel, and some reported no desire to plant the Romance series because Carmine Jewel was good enough.Acommon problem with CJ has been that new growers often pick the fruit weeks before it is ripe.page_block:0.90
107p2description_snippetOnly Cupid among the Romance cherries is described as having a similarly intense colour.Acommon problem with CJ has been that new growers often pick the fruit weeks before it is ripe.page_block:0.90
107p2culinary_useWhen used in dairy products, Carmine Jewel gives maximum colour for a sour cherry.Acommon problem with CJ has been that new growers often pick the fruit weeks before it is ripe.page_block:0.90
107p2culinary_useCarmine Jewel makes a very dark, rich-looking juice or wine.Acommon problem with CJ has been that new growers often pick the fruit weeks before it is ripe.page_block:0.90
107p2fruit_colorThe very dark colour of Carmine Jewel fruit extends all through the cherry.Acommon problem with CJ has been that new growers often pick the fruit weeks before it is ripe.page_block:0.90
107p2anecdote_snippetCherries can dry like raisins and still remain attached; the only reported notable fruit drop was about 10% during a tornado event near the fields.Acommon problem with CJ has been that new growers often pick the fruit weeks before it is ripe.page_block:0.90
107p2keeping_qualityCarmine Jewel fruit will hold on the bush through the season rather than dropping when ripe.Acommon problem with CJ has been that new growers often pick the fruit weeks before it is ripe.page_block:0.90
107p2flavor_profileAt the red stage, the fruit likely has about half the sugar and twice the acidity of fully ripe fruit.Acommon problem with CJ has been that new growers often pick the fruit weeks before it is ripe.page_block:0.90
107p2fruit_colorWhen fully ripe, Carmine Jewel fruit practically becomes black.Acommon problem with CJ has been that new growers often pick the fruit weeks before it is ripe.page_block:0.90
107p2recommendation_contextNew growers often pick Carmine Jewel fruit weeks before it is ripe; the page warns that fully ripe fruit becomes nearly black and should not be picked at the red stage.Acommon problem with CJ has been that new growers often pick the fruit weeks before it is ripe.page_block:0.90
107p1caption_contextFigure 2 shows fully ripe Carmine Jewel fruit.Our first dwarf sour cherry variety, Carmine Jewel, is still very worthwhile having.page_block:0.90
107p1caption_contextFigure 1 shows that Carmine Jewel has nice flowers.Our first dwarf sour cherry variety, Carmine Jewel, is still very worthwhile having.page_block:0.90
107p1entry_hardiness_observationCarmine Jewel was not as hardy as Juliet, Valentine, and Cupid at this location.Our first dwarf sour cherry variety, Carmine Jewel, is still very worthwhile having.page_block:0.90
107p1entry_hardiness_observationCarmine Jewel was hardier than Romeo and Crimson Passion at this location.Our first dwarf sour cherry variety, Carmine Jewel, is still very worthwhile having.page_block:0.90
107p1fruit_sizeAffected branches may have had smaller fruit and delayed ripening.Our first dwarf sour cherry variety, Carmine Jewel, is still very worthwhile having.page_block:0.90
107p1entry_hardiness_observationAffected branches did not die and still carried fruit.Our first dwarf sour cherry variety, Carmine Jewel, is still very worthwhile having.page_block:0.90
107p1entry_hardiness_observationAt bloom time, some branches were noticeably late blooming, interpreted as sporadic delayed bloom from winter damage partially blocking sap flow.Our first dwarf sour cherry variety, Carmine Jewel, is still very worthwhile having.page_block:0.90
107p1entry_hardiness_observationThe winter of 2008/2009 caused slight damage to 5-year-old Carmine Jewel trees.Our first dwarf sour cherry variety, Carmine Jewel, is still very worthwhile having.page_block:0.90
107p1culinary_useProducts like pies and jams made from it are considered gourmet by those used to traditional Montmorency cherries.Our first dwarf sour cherry variety, Carmine Jewel, is still very worthwhile having.page_block:0.90
107p1recommendation_contextAs the first crop of the season, it usually commands the highest price at farmer's markets.Our first dwarf sour cherry variety, Carmine Jewel, is still very worthwhile having.page_block:0.90
107p1description_snippetIt has the advantage of being the first cherry to ripen each season.Our first dwarf sour cherry variety, Carmine Jewel, is still very worthwhile having.page_block:0.90
107p1flavor_profileIts sugar content is lower than the Romance Series.Our first dwarf sour cherry variety, Carmine Jewel, is still very worthwhile having.page_block:0.90
107p1fruit_sizeIts fruit size is smaller than the Romance Series.Our first dwarf sour cherry variety, Carmine Jewel, is still very worthwhile having.page_block:0.90
107p1productivityAverage production is stated as 25 to 30 lbs per bush.Our first dwarf sour cherry variety, Carmine Jewel, is still very worthwhile having.page_block:0.90
107p1anecdote_snippetIf Carmine Jewel has an unusually heavy crop, growers reported it will likely have a lower than average crop the following year.Our first dwarf sour cherry variety, Carmine Jewel, is still very worthwhile having.page_block:0.90
107p1productivityBackyard gardeners reportedly obtained up to 75 lbs from one bush, though these were considered unusually large, pampered bushes.Our first dwarf sour cherry variety, Carmine Jewel, is still very worthwhile having.page_block:0.90
107p1productivityOn heavy clay soil at the University, production was usually about half that amount.Our first dwarf sour cherry variety, Carmine Jewel, is still very worthwhile having.page_block:0.90
107p1productivityGrowers were reported to get 20 or 30 lbs per bush in the 4th or 5th year after planting small plug plants.Our first dwarf sour cherry variety, Carmine Jewel, is still very worthwhile having.page_block:0.90
107p1recommendation_contextIt is described as the main cherry in commercial production on the Prairies.Our first dwarf sour cherry variety, Carmine Jewel, is still very worthwhile having.page_block:0.90
107p1release_year_referenceReleased in 1999 and broadly planted by 2003.Our first dwarf sour cherry variety, Carmine Jewel, is still very worthwhile having.page_block:0.90
107p1description_snippetCarmine Jewel is described as the first dwarf sour cherry variety in this context.Our first dwarf sour cherry variety, Carmine Jewel, is still very worthwhile having.page_block:0.90

Nursery Offering Timeline

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No catalog issue offerings linked.

Linked Entities

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Evidence Claims

TypeClaimConfidence
culinary_useThe text notes sugar is often added to sour cherries anyway.0.90
flavor_profileDescribed as not as sweet as the Romance series but having good character and flavour.0.96
productivityDescribed as the most dependable variety over many years, though Juliet and Valentine did better in some years.0.96
fruit_colorFruit described as black.0.98
recommendation_contextPlaced under 'Best for commercial production (but great for gardeners too)'.0.99
breeder_referenceListed as a University of Saskatchewan cultivar.0.98
breeder_referenceThe section states that U of SK sour cherries are breakthroughs in sour cherry breeding, supporting University of Saskatchewan context for this group.0.90
recommendation_contextMentioned in the dwarf sour cherry harvest timing line: August, but Carmine Jewel may be late July.0.96
description_snippetThis figure is used as a visual example of a low-branching fruiting bush in a mechanized harvesting discussion.0.84
productivityThe caption characterizes the near-ground branches as productive.0.96
growth_habitThe bushes show productive branches close to the ground.0.98
caption_contextFigure 31 depicts four-year-old 'Carmine Jewel' bushes.0.99
caption_contextThe low branch position is referenced in relation to figure 3.0.77
productivityYoung Carmine Jewel bushes were observed to have productive branches close to the ground.0.94
description_snippetDescribed in the list as the most common recommended variety.0.98
recommendation_contextListed as a recommended dwarf sour cherry variety for northern Manitoba.0.99
growth_habitJuliet's bush is described as sturdier than Carmine Jewel.0.90
anecdote_snippetCarmine Jewel is characterized as an earlier ripening variety than Juliet.0.91
description_snippetJuliet is described as usually about 4 degrees Brix higher than Carmine Jewel.0.95
fruit_colorCarmine Jewel is used as the comparator with more intense fruit color than Juliet.0.92
entry_hardiness_observationCarmine Jewel had minor injuries in the winter of 2008/2009.0.97
productivityIn 2009 Carmine Jewel had similar yields to Juliet and Valentine and was coming close to full production.0.92
caption_contextFigure 3 shows Carmine Jewel bushes in their 5th year with technician Pete Reimer.0.99
recommendation_contextThe first small-yield year is presented as the time to build customers because the next year the crop may increase sharply.0.91
productivityCarmine Jewel often has only a handful of fruit in the 3rd or 4th year, but may have about 20 lbs the next year.0.95
productivityThe first year Carmine Jewel blooms may have few flowers that set fruit, but the following year is usually much higher.0.95
recommendation_contextSome growers reported having to drive harvesters very slowly because there was so much fruit and their machines were designed for smaller yields.0.88
productivityCarmine Jewel was harvested nicely with a mechanical harvester named Joanna.0.90
anecdote_snippetGrowers have been very happy with Carmine Jewel, and some reported no desire to plant the Romance series because Carmine Jewel was good enough.0.94
description_snippetOnly Cupid among the Romance cherries is described as having a similarly intense colour.0.84
culinary_useWhen used in dairy products, Carmine Jewel gives maximum colour for a sour cherry.0.92
culinary_useCarmine Jewel makes a very dark, rich-looking juice or wine.0.96
fruit_colorThe very dark colour of Carmine Jewel fruit extends all through the cherry.0.97
anecdote_snippetCherries can dry like raisins and still remain attached; the only reported notable fruit drop was about 10% during a tornado event near the fields.0.90
keeping_qualityCarmine Jewel fruit will hold on the bush through the season rather than dropping when ripe.0.96
flavor_profileAt the red stage, the fruit likely has about half the sugar and twice the acidity of fully ripe fruit.0.95
fruit_colorWhen fully ripe, Carmine Jewel fruit practically becomes black.0.99
recommendation_contextNew growers often pick Carmine Jewel fruit weeks before it is ripe; the page warns that fully ripe fruit becomes nearly black and should not be picked at the red stage.0.98
caption_contextFigure 2 shows fully ripe Carmine Jewel fruit.0.98
caption_contextFigure 1 shows that Carmine Jewel has nice flowers.0.98
entry_hardiness_observationCarmine Jewel was not as hardy as Juliet, Valentine, and Cupid at this location.0.95
entry_hardiness_observationCarmine Jewel was hardier than Romeo and Crimson Passion at this location.0.95
fruit_sizeAffected branches may have had smaller fruit and delayed ripening.0.86
entry_hardiness_observationAffected branches did not die and still carried fruit.0.94
entry_hardiness_observationAt bloom time, some branches were noticeably late blooming, interpreted as sporadic delayed bloom from winter damage partially blocking sap flow.0.93
entry_hardiness_observationThe winter of 2008/2009 caused slight damage to 5-year-old Carmine Jewel trees.0.97
culinary_useProducts like pies and jams made from it are considered gourmet by those used to traditional Montmorency cherries.0.95
recommendation_contextAs the first crop of the season, it usually commands the highest price at farmer's markets.0.94
description_snippetIt has the advantage of being the first cherry to ripen each season.0.97
flavor_profileIts sugar content is lower than the Romance Series.0.91
fruit_sizeIts fruit size is smaller than the Romance Series.0.92
productivityAverage production is stated as 25 to 30 lbs per bush.0.96
anecdote_snippetIf Carmine Jewel has an unusually heavy crop, growers reported it will likely have a lower than average crop the following year.0.93
productivityBackyard gardeners reportedly obtained up to 75 lbs from one bush, though these were considered unusually large, pampered bushes.0.94
productivityOn heavy clay soil at the University, production was usually about half that amount.0.95
productivityGrowers were reported to get 20 or 30 lbs per bush in the 4th or 5th year after planting small plug plants.0.97
recommendation_contextIt is described as the main cherry in commercial production on the Prairies.0.97
release_year_referenceReleased in 1999 and broadly planted by 2003.0.98
description_snippetCarmine Jewel is described as the first dwarf sour cherry variety in this context.0.99

History Events

IDTypeYearLabel
No history events.