Taxon ID:
Usage Facet: class=edible; edible_score=1.0; ornamental_score=0.0; inferred_from_taxon=no
Relationships: 0 | Linked Entities (visible): 0 | Evidence claims: 34 | History events: 0 | Catalog issue offerings: 0
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Evidence Badge: emerging | claims=34 | sources=1 | contradictions=0
Claim Types: culinary_use:4, description_snippet:3, flavor_profile:3, breeder_reference:2, fruit_color:2, fruit_size:2, productivity:2, recommendation_context:2, source_reference_abbreviation:2, anecdote_snippet:1, growth_habit:1, hardiness_code_expansion:1, keeping_quality:1, release_year_reference:1, ripening_window:1, taxon_context:1, tree_form:1 | Open evidence summary JSON | Open citation drawer JSON
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Dauphin is a prairie crabapple, or applecrab, usually described as an open pollinated Malus baccata seedling linked to W. J. Boughen and Boughen Nurseries at Valley River, Manitoba. It was valued as a hardy, early bearing small apple with mild flavor, good preserving quality, and unusual usefulness under prairie conditions. Prairie recommendation lists place it among the top hardy crabapples and in the hardiest class. [S1] [S2] [S3] [S4]
The historical record ties Dauphin firmly to Boughen, but not to one clear date. One compiled profile gives 1911, the prairie index gives 1938, and a secondary note says Smithfield recorded its introduction as 1928. Sources also say this Dauphin is not the same cultivar as the Preston rosybloom of the same name, which was a separate open pollinated Niedzwetzkyana selection. [S1] [S2] [S3]
The fruit is small to medium for a crabapple, about 3 to 3.5 cm across, roundish conic, with yellow to dark yellow skin striped and splashed dull red, and yellow flesh. Descriptions call the flesh melting, sub acid, mild, and without astringency, and one source says it "eats like an apple." It ripens from late August to early September. Sources describe it as only fair for fresh eating but excellent for canning, and one profile says it keeps about as well as Rescue. [S1] [S3] [S4]
The tree is described as very hardy, semi dwarfing to rounded, precocious, and productive every year. It reportedly blooms heavily on new wood, serves as an exceptionally good early pollinator, seldom winterkills, and recovers quickly when damaged. One source reports fire blight resistance, while prairie recommendation codes rate it H1, the hardiest class, and another profile places it in Zone 1. A long lived planting at Jarvie was reported to have fruited every year from 1943 through a 48 year span, which helps explain why Dauphin remained memorable in prairie fruit literature. [S1] [S3] [S4]
Summary source basis
This summary currently draws chiefly from Edible Apples in Prairie Canada, with 3 additional supporting sources linked below.
Featured source descriptions
“Described as a rosybloom.”
— [1]
“H1 hardiness rating.”
— [1]
“Mild flavor.”
— [1]
“Productive at an early age.”
— [1]
Direct parent cultivars
Parentage claim text
Derived or downstream cultivar links
Source-story quotations
Taxonomy context: No family-tree context surfaced yet.
Related cultivars mentioned in source context
Zone assertions are structured rows. Hardiness claim text appears in evidence claims and page-linked citations.
| Zone Min | Zone Max | Zone Text | Assertion Type | Outcome | Location | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No explicit zone assertion rows yet. | ||||||
No linked media assets.
| Document | Title/URL | Rights | Claims | Relationships | History Events | Pages | Snippets |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 | Edible Apples in Prairie Canada | unknown | 34 | 0 | 0 | p4 p24 | References cited: WK (: Winterkill (syn. dieback of twigs and branches).).; Explicitly noted not to be confused with the Preston rosybloom of the same name.; Reported to have fruited at Jarvie every year since 1943 for 4 |
| Document | Page | Claim Type | Claim | Quote | Match |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 | p24 | source_reference_abbreviation | References cited: WK (: Winterkill (syn. dieback of twigs and branches).). | Dauphin (op baccata) Boughen Fruit up to 3.5cm. Earliest bearing. Prolific. "Eats like an apple." Manchester notes... "Blooms abundantly on new wood. Exceptionally good early pollinator. Seldom WK, and recovers quickly. | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p24 | description_snippet | Explicitly noted not to be confused with the Preston rosybloom of the same name. | Dauphin (op baccata) Boughen Fruit up to 3.5cm. Earliest bearing. Prolific. "Eats like an apple." Manchester notes... "Blooms abundantly on new wood. Exceptionally good early pollinator. Seldom WK, and recovers quickly. | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p24 | anecdote_snippet | Reported to have fruited at Jarvie every year since 1943 for 48 years. | Dauphin (op baccata) Boughen Fruit up to 3.5cm. Earliest bearing. Prolific. "Eats like an apple." Manchester notes... "Blooms abundantly on new wood. Exceptionally good early pollinator. Seldom WK, and recovers quickly. | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p24 | culinary_use | Excellent for canning. | Dauphin (op baccata) Boughen Fruit up to 3.5cm. Earliest bearing. Prolific. "Eats like an apple." Manchester notes... "Blooms abundantly on new wood. Exceptionally good early pollinator. Seldom WK, and recovers quickly. | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p24 | keeping_quality | Keeps like Rescue. | Dauphin (op baccata) Boughen Fruit up to 3.5cm. Earliest bearing. Prolific. "Eats like an apple." Manchester notes... "Blooms abundantly on new wood. Exceptionally good early pollinator. Seldom WK, and recovers quickly. | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p24 | flavor_profile | Manchester notes no astringency. | Dauphin (op baccata) Boughen Fruit up to 3.5cm. Earliest bearing. Prolific. "Eats like an apple." Manchester notes... "Blooms abundantly on new wood. Exceptionally good early pollinator. Seldom WK, and recovers quickly. | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p24 | entry_hardiness_observation | Manchester notes it seldom winterkills and recovers quickly. | Dauphin (op baccata) Boughen Fruit up to 3.5cm. Earliest bearing. Prolific. "Eats like an apple." Manchester notes... "Blooms abundantly on new wood. Exceptionally good early pollinator. Seldom WK, and recovers quickly. | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p24 | recommendation_context | Manchester notes it is an exceptionally good early pollinator. | Dauphin (op baccata) Boughen Fruit up to 3.5cm. Earliest bearing. Prolific. "Eats like an apple." Manchester notes... "Blooms abundantly on new wood. Exceptionally good early pollinator. Seldom WK, and recovers quickly. | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p24 | growth_habit | Blooms abundantly on new wood. | Dauphin (op baccata) Boughen Fruit up to 3.5cm. Earliest bearing. Prolific. "Eats like an apple." Manchester notes... "Blooms abundantly on new wood. Exceptionally good early pollinator. Seldom WK, and recovers quickly. | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p24 | flavor_profile | Quoted as eating like an apple. | Dauphin (op baccata) Boughen Fruit up to 3.5cm. Earliest bearing. Prolific. "Eats like an apple." Manchester notes... "Blooms abundantly on new wood. Exceptionally good early pollinator. Seldom WK, and recovers quickly. | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p24 | productivity | Earliest bearing and prolific. | Dauphin (op baccata) Boughen Fruit up to 3.5cm. Earliest bearing. Prolific. "Eats like an apple." Manchester notes... "Blooms abundantly on new wood. Exceptionally good early pollinator. Seldom WK, and recovers quickly. | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p24 | fruit_size | Fruit up to 3.5 cm in diameter. | Dauphin (op baccata) Boughen Fruit up to 3.5cm. Earliest bearing. Prolific. "Eats like an apple." Manchester notes... "Blooms abundantly on new wood. Exceptionally good early pollinator. Seldom WK, and recovers quickly. | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p24 | breeder_reference | Associated with Boughen. | Dauphin (op baccata) Boughen Fruit up to 3.5cm. Earliest bearing. Prolific. "Eats like an apple." Manchester notes... "Blooms abundantly on new wood. Exceptionally good early pollinator. Seldom WK, and recovers quickly. | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p24 | entry_pedigree | Open-pollinated baccata-derived selection. | Dauphin (op baccata) Boughen Fruit up to 3.5cm. Earliest bearing. Prolific. "Eats like an apple." Manchester notes... "Blooms abundantly on new wood. Exceptionally good early pollinator. Seldom WK, and recovers quickly. | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p24 | fruit_color | Smithfield notes the fruit as bright red. | Dauphin (op. nied.) Preston (c. 1938) Fruit 3.5cm yellow, streaked red. Mild flavor. Productive at an early age. Rosybloom. Ref Smithfield, L&U. H1. Smithfield notes intro as 1928, frt bright red. | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p24 | release_year_reference | Smithfield notes the introduction as 1928. | Dauphin (op. nied.) Preston (c. 1938) Fruit 3.5cm yellow, streaked red. Mild flavor. Productive at an early age. Rosybloom. Ref Smithfield, L&U. H1. Smithfield notes intro as 1928, frt bright red. | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p24 | entry_hardiness_observation | Rated H1, meaning the hardiest class. | Dauphin (op. nied.) Preston (c. 1938) Fruit 3.5cm yellow, streaked red. Mild flavor. Productive at an early age. Rosybloom. Ref Smithfield, L&U. H1. Smithfield notes intro as 1928, frt bright red. | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p24 | source_reference_abbreviation | References cited as Smithfield and L&U; Smithfield is expanded in the legend as Smithfield Experimental Farm, Trenton, Ontario (Lotus file 1990). | Dauphin (op. nied.) Preston (c. 1938) Fruit 3.5cm yellow, streaked red. Mild flavor. Productive at an early age. Rosybloom. Ref Smithfield, L&U. H1. Smithfield notes intro as 1928, frt bright red. | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p24 | tree_form | Described as a rosybloom. | Dauphin (op. nied.) Preston (c. 1938) Fruit 3.5cm yellow, streaked red. Mild flavor. Productive at an early age. Rosybloom. Ref Smithfield, L&U. H1. Smithfield notes intro as 1928, frt bright red. | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p24 | productivity | Productive at an early age. | Dauphin (op. nied.) Preston (c. 1938) Fruit 3.5cm yellow, streaked red. Mild flavor. Productive at an early age. Rosybloom. Ref Smithfield, L&U. H1. Smithfield notes intro as 1928, frt bright red. | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p24 | flavor_profile | Mild flavor. | Dauphin (op. nied.) Preston (c. 1938) Fruit 3.5cm yellow, streaked red. Mild flavor. Productive at an early age. Rosybloom. Ref Smithfield, L&U. H1. Smithfield notes intro as 1928, frt bright red. | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p24 | fruit_color | Fruit yellow streaked red. | Dauphin (op. nied.) Preston (c. 1938) Fruit 3.5cm yellow, streaked red. Mild flavor. Productive at an early age. Rosybloom. Ref Smithfield, L&U. H1. Smithfield notes intro as 1928, frt bright red. | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p24 | fruit_size | Fruit about 3.5 cm in diameter. | Dauphin (op. nied.) Preston (c. 1938) Fruit 3.5cm yellow, streaked red. Mild flavor. Productive at an early age. Rosybloom. Ref Smithfield, L&U. H1. Smithfield notes intro as 1928, frt bright red. | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p24 | breeder_reference | Associated with Preston, circa 1938. | Dauphin (op. nied.) Preston (c. 1938) Fruit 3.5cm yellow, streaked red. Mild flavor. Productive at an early age. Rosybloom. Ref Smithfield, L&U. H1. Smithfield notes intro as 1928, frt bright red. | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p24 | entry_pedigree | Open-pollinated Niedzwetzkyana-derived selection. | Dauphin (op. nied.) Preston (c. 1938) Fruit 3.5cm yellow, streaked red. Mild flavor. Productive at an early age. Rosybloom. Ref Smithfield, L&U. H1. Smithfield notes intro as 1928, frt bright red. | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p4 | ripening_window | Source code indicates early season. | CR Dauphin E/P/H1 (Prolific, and mild flavor) | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p4 | culinary_use | Source code indicates preserving or canning. | CR Dauphin E/P/H1 (Prolific, and mild flavor) | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p4 | description_snippet | Listed as a crabapple (crabapple or applecrab, fruit less than 5 cm diameter). | CR Dauphin E/P/H1 (Prolific, and mild flavor) | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p4 | culinary_use | Marked P, indicating preserving or canning use. | CR Dauphin E/P/H1 (Prolific, and mild flavor) | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p4 | culinary_use | Marked E, indicating early season. | CR Dauphin E/P/H1 (Prolific, and mild flavor) | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p4 | description_snippet | Prolific, and mild flavor. | CR Dauphin E/P/H1 (Prolific, and mild flavor) | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p4 | hardiness_code_expansion | Rated H1, meaning hardiest. | CR Dauphin E/P/H1 (Prolific, and mild flavor) | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p4 | taxon_context | Classified as a crabapple or applecrab with fruit less than 5 cm diameter. | CR Dauphin E/P/H1 (Prolific, and mild flavor) | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p4 | recommendation_context | Listed under Top Rated hardy apples and crabapples. | CR Dauphin E/P/H1 (Prolific, and mild flavor) | page_block:0.90 |
| Year | Nursery | Catalog Issue | Relation |
|---|---|---|---|
| No catalog issue offerings linked. | |||
| Relation | Type | ID | Label |
|---|---|---|---|
| No linked entities at this filter level. | |||
| Type | Claim | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| source_reference_abbreviation | References cited: WK (: Winterkill (syn. dieback of twigs and branches).). | 0.93 |
| description_snippet | Explicitly noted not to be confused with the Preston rosybloom of the same name. | 0.95 |
| anecdote_snippet | Reported to have fruited at Jarvie every year since 1943 for 48 years. | 0.94 |
| culinary_use | Excellent for canning. | 0.94 |
| keeping_quality | Keeps like Rescue. | 0.91 |
| flavor_profile | Manchester notes no astringency. | 0.93 |
| entry_hardiness_observation | Manchester notes it seldom winterkills and recovers quickly. | 0.93 |
| recommendation_context | Manchester notes it is an exceptionally good early pollinator. | 0.94 |
| growth_habit | Blooms abundantly on new wood. | 0.93 |
| flavor_profile | Quoted as eating like an apple. | 0.93 |
| productivity | Earliest bearing and prolific. | 0.96 |
| fruit_size | Fruit up to 3.5 cm in diameter. | 0.95 |
| breeder_reference | Associated with Boughen. | 0.88 |
| entry_pedigree | Open-pollinated baccata-derived selection. | 0.93 |
| fruit_color | Smithfield notes the fruit as bright red. | 0.86 |
| release_year_reference | Smithfield notes the introduction as 1928. | 0.89 |
| entry_hardiness_observation | Rated H1, meaning the hardiest class. | 0.95 |
| source_reference_abbreviation | References cited as Smithfield and L&U; Smithfield is expanded in the legend as Smithfield Experimental Farm, Trenton, Ontario (Lotus file 1990). | 0.90 |
| tree_form | Described as a rosybloom. | 0.90 |
| productivity | Productive at an early age. | 0.92 |
| flavor_profile | Mild flavor. | 0.90 |
| fruit_color | Fruit yellow streaked red. | 0.94 |
| fruit_size | Fruit about 3.5 cm in diameter. | 0.96 |
| breeder_reference | Associated with Preston, circa 1938. | 0.91 |
| entry_pedigree | Open-pollinated Niedzwetzkyana-derived selection. | 0.94 |
| ripening_window | Source code indicates early season. | 0.90 |
| culinary_use | Source code indicates preserving or canning. | 0.90 |
| description_snippet | Listed as a crabapple (crabapple or applecrab, fruit less than 5 cm diameter). | 0.96 |
| culinary_use | Marked P, indicating preserving or canning use. | 0.93 |
| culinary_use | Marked E, indicating early season. | 0.93 |
| description_snippet | Prolific, and mild flavor. | 0.98 |
| hardiness_code_expansion | Rated H1, meaning hardiest. | 0.99 |
| taxon_context | Classified as a crabapple or applecrab with fruit less than 5 cm diameter. | 0.99 |
| recommendation_context | Listed under Top Rated hardy apples and crabapples. | 0.99 |
| ID | Type | Year | Label |
|---|---|---|---|
| No history events. | |||