Taxon ID:
Usage Facet: class=edible; edible_score=1.0; ornamental_score=0.0; inferred_from_taxon=no
Relationships: 0 | Linked Entities (visible): 0 | Evidence claims: 21 | History events: 0 | Catalog issue offerings: 0
Open profile JSON | Open lineage explorer | Open lineage JSON
Evidence Badge: emerging | claims=21 | sources=3 | contradictions=0
Claim Types: description_snippet:5, fruit_color:2, fruit_size:2, source_reference_abbreviation:2, anecdote_snippet:1, culinary_use:1, flavor_profile:1, keeping_quality:1, productivity:1, selection_origin_reference:1, taxon_context:1 | Open evidence summary JSON | Open citation drawer JSON
Connected Views: lineage table | lineage graph | history charts | trait matrix | search
Link Filter: showing signal links (candidate hidden); hidden candidate links=0. Show candidate links
## Wiki summary Duchess of Oldenburg is a standard apple cultivar (Malus domestica) of Russian origin. It was likely known before 1700. It is often called Duchess. Synonyms include Daniel's Red Duchess, Borovitsky, and Borowinka. [S1]
## History and identity The cultivar was once a leading commercial apple in the northern United States and in British Columbia. It is used as a standard for comparing newer selections. [S1] The records do not name a specific breeder, institution, or release year. [S1][S4]
## Fruit and eating quality The fruit is usually 5 to 8 cm, yellow, with bright red splashes or streaks. [S1] The fruit shape is roundish to oblate with white, tender, juicy, acidic flesh. [S1] Quality is described as medium. [S4] It is considered excellent for cooking and good for baking. [S1][S4] Harvest is in late August through September, with good keeping quality. [S1][S4]
## Tree and management notes The tree is described as moderately vigorous, spreading, productive, and hardy. [S4] In a prairie orchard list it is grouped by hardiness and value as a standard apple. Another list calls it a fair producer. [S3][S1]
## Hardiness and geography The clearest hardiness tag is H3 in a Prairie directory, where it is interpreted as borderline hardy. [S1] The cultivar is also described directly as hardy. [S1] No direct USDA zone number or explicit zone statement appears in these packets. [S3][S1]
## Lineage and broader context No direct parentage is documented in these sources. [S1] A separate seedling report says many Duchess of Oldenburg seedlings in northwestern America resembled their parent, which is why the cultivar appears often in historical seedling discussions. [S2]
Summary source basis
This summary currently draws chiefly from Edible Apples in Prairie Canada, with 4 additional supporting sources linked below.
Featured source descriptions
“Russian origin; probably prior to 1700.”
— [1]
“Referenced as the target entry for Borovitsky and Borowinka.”
— [1]
“Often listed as Duchess, and with 78 other synonyms.”
— [1]
“See also Daniel's Red Duchess.”
— [1]
Direct parent cultivars
Parentage claim text
Derived or downstream cultivar links
Source-story quotations
Taxonomy context: No family-tree context surfaced yet.
Related cultivars mentioned in source context
Zone assertions are structured rows. Hardiness claim text appears in evidence claims and page-linked citations.
| Zone Min | Zone Max | Zone Text | Assertion Type | Outcome | Location | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No explicit zone assertion rows yet. | ||||||
No linked media assets.
| Document | Title/URL | Rights | Claims | Relationships | History Events | Pages | Snippets |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 | Edible Apples in Prairie Canada | unknown | 15 | 0 | 0 | p26 | References cited: PSM (Shown at the 1901 Provincial Show, Morden MB.), WCSH (Western Canadian Society for Horticulture (1944- ).).; Hardiness rated borderline hardy (H3).; Listed as a standard apple (standard apple, frui |
| 139 | Planting time, 1950 / Alpha Nursery | unknown | 4 | 0 | 0 | p7 | Listed for September.; Flesh described as white, juicy, and acid.; Fruit described as streaked with red and yellow.; Described as large size and roundish. |
| 14 | A Study of Northwestern Apples | unknown | 2 | 0 | 0 | p14 | Mentions multiple seedlings resembling the parent but not forming a large nursery-facing replacement group in the northwest context.; The page notes that in the northwestern United States there is little large seedling g |
| Document | Page | Claim Type | Claim | Quote | Match |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 139 | p7 | description_snippet | Listed for September. | DUCHESS OF OLDENBURG—Large size, roundish, streaked with red and yellow; flesh white, juicy, acid. September. | page_block:0.90 |
| 139 | p7 | flavor_profile | Flesh described as white, juicy, and acid. | DUCHESS OF OLDENBURG—Large size, roundish, streaked with red and yellow; flesh white, juicy, acid. September. | page_block:0.90 |
| 139 | p7 | fruit_color | Fruit described as streaked with red and yellow. | DUCHESS OF OLDENBURG—Large size, roundish, streaked with red and yellow; flesh white, juicy, acid. September. | page_block:0.90 |
| 139 | p7 | fruit_size | Described as large size and roundish. | DUCHESS OF OLDENBURG—Large size, roundish, streaked with red and yellow; flesh white, juicy, acid. September. | page_block:0.90 |
| 14 | p14 | anecdote_snippet | Mentions multiple seedlings resembling the parent but not forming a large nursery-facing replacement group in the northwest context. | There is no large group of seedlings of Duchess of Oldenburg in America, especially the northwestern states, which shows resemblance to their parent. | page_block:0.90 |
| 14 | p14 | entry_location | The page notes that in the northwestern United States there is little large seedling grouping of Duchess of Oldenburg, despite resembled parentage. | There is no large group of seedlings of Duchess of Oldenburg in America, especially the northwestern states, which shows resemblance to their parent. | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p26 | source_reference_abbreviation | References cited: PSM (Shown at the 1901 Provincial Show, Morden MB.), WCSH (Western Canadian Society for Horticulture (1944- ).). | Duchess of Oldenburg (Russian origin) (Probably prior to 1700) ST | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p26 | entry_hardiness_observation | Hardiness rated borderline hardy (H3). | Duchess of Oldenburg (Russian origin) (Probably prior to 1700) ST | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p26 | description_snippet | Listed as a standard apple (standard apple, fruit 5 cm diameter or more). | Duchess of Oldenburg (Russian origin) (Probably prior to 1700) ST | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p26 | description_snippet | See also Daniel's Red Duchess. | Duchess of Oldenburg (Russian origin) (Probably prior to 1700) ST | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p26 | description_snippet | Often listed as Duchess, and with 78 other synonyms. | Duchess of Oldenburg (Russian origin) (Probably prior to 1700) ST | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p26 | entry_hardiness_observation | H3: borderline hardy. | Duchess of Oldenburg (Russian origin) (Probably prior to 1700) ST | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p26 | source_reference_abbreviation | Ref PSM; WCSH 1955; L&U. | Duchess of Oldenburg (Russian origin) (Probably prior to 1700) ST | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p26 | description_snippet | Formerly a leading commercial apple in the northern United States and British Columbia, and a standard against which new selections were evaluated. | Duchess of Oldenburg (Russian origin) (Probably prior to 1700) ST | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p26 | keeping_quality | Good keeping quality. | Duchess of Oldenburg (Russian origin) (Probably prior to 1700) ST | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p26 | culinary_use | Good for baking. | Duchess of Oldenburg (Russian origin) (Probably prior to 1700) ST | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p26 | productivity | Fair producer. | Duchess of Oldenburg (Russian origin) (Probably prior to 1700) ST | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p26 | fruit_color | Fruit yellow, streaked and splashed bright red; attractive. | Duchess of Oldenburg (Russian origin) (Probably prior to 1700) ST | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p26 | fruit_size | Fruit 5-8 cm. | Duchess of Oldenburg (Russian origin) (Probably prior to 1700) ST | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p26 | taxon_context | ST: standard apple, fruit 5 cm diameter or more. | Duchess of Oldenburg (Russian origin) (Probably prior to 1700) ST | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p26 | selection_origin_reference | Russian origin; probably prior to 1700. | Duchess of Oldenburg (Russian origin) (Probably prior to 1700) ST | page_block:0.90 |
| Year | Nursery | Catalog Issue | Relation |
|---|---|---|---|
| No catalog issue offerings linked. | |||
| Relation | Type | ID | Label |
|---|---|---|---|
| No linked entities at this filter level. | |||
| Type | Claim | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| description_snippet | Listed for September. | 0.93 |
| flavor_profile | Flesh described as white, juicy, and acid. | 0.95 |
| fruit_color | Fruit described as streaked with red and yellow. | 0.95 |
| fruit_size | Described as large size and roundish. | 0.95 |
| anecdote_snippet | Mentions multiple seedlings resembling the parent but not forming a large nursery-facing replacement group in the northwest context. | 0.84 |
| entry_location | The page notes that in the northwestern United States there is little large seedling grouping of Duchess of Oldenburg, despite resembled parentage. | 0.95 |
| source_reference_abbreviation | References cited: PSM (Shown at the 1901 Provincial Show, Morden MB.), WCSH (Western Canadian Society for Horticulture (1944- ).). | 0.93 |
| entry_hardiness_observation | Hardiness rated borderline hardy (H3). | 0.96 |
| description_snippet | Listed as a standard apple (standard apple, fruit 5 cm diameter or more). | 0.96 |
| description_snippet | See also Daniel's Red Duchess. | 0.95 |
| description_snippet | Often listed as Duchess, and with 78 other synonyms. | 0.96 |
| entry_hardiness_observation | H3: borderline hardy. | 0.88 |
| source_reference_abbreviation | Ref PSM; WCSH 1955; L&U. | 0.88 |
| description_snippet | Formerly a leading commercial apple in the northern United States and British Columbia, and a standard against which new selections were evaluated. | 0.95 |
| keeping_quality | Good keeping quality. | 0.95 |
| culinary_use | Good for baking. | 0.95 |
| productivity | Fair producer. | 0.95 |
| fruit_color | Fruit yellow, streaked and splashed bright red; attractive. | 0.97 |
| fruit_size | Fruit 5-8 cm. | 0.82 |
| taxon_context | ST: standard apple, fruit 5 cm diameter or more. | 0.98 |
| selection_origin_reference | Russian origin; probably prior to 1700. | 0.97 |
| ID | Type | Year | Label |
|---|---|---|---|
| No history events. | |||