Plums in South Dakota

Document 17

Title: Plums in South Dakota

Source URL: https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1092&context=agexperimentsta_bulletins

Archive provenance: source_site=Open PRAIRIE | institution=South Dakota State University | source_root=https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/ | local_archive=/usr/local/var/www/pomologica/data/raw/manual/ingest_queue/openprairie_20260309/1092_agexperimentsta_bulletins.pdf

Type: pdf | Language: en | Rights: unknown

Aliases: 1 | Provenance events: 2 | Evidence claims: 400

Archivist page review: Review parse variants for page 18

Open profile JSON | Open citation JSON

Document Metadata

Institution:

Publisher:

Site: Open PRAIRIE

Year:

Page count: 89

Type: pdf_document

Metadata source: intake_backfill_v1

Document Assessment

# Document Assessment

This document is mixed or ambiguous and benefits from review before broad promotion. It contains structured cultivar-bearing material across about 60 parsed pages and roughly 293 named entry blocks.

A document this dense may include released cultivars, selections, abbreviations, or grouped entries that need later post-processing classification. Mixed page structure means some taxonomy, trial, or context material may be as important as the cultivar entries themselves.

Use this document more as review context and a source of follow-up leads than as a blind cultivar promotion source.

Relationship Records

ID	Relation	Source	Target	Source Doc
123	mentioned_in_document	Sdsu Agricultural Experiment Station	Plums in South Dakota	17
122	mentioned_in_document	South Dakota Agricultural College	Plums in South Dakota	17
121	mentioned_in_document	Bulletins Sdsu Agricultural Experiment Station	Plums in South Dakota	17
120	mentioned_in_document	South Dakota State University	Plums in South Dakota	17

History Records

ID	Type	Year	Label
232	year_reference	1905	Year reference 1905
233	institution_mention	1905	South Dakota State University
234	institution_mention	1905	Bulletins Sdsu Agricultural Experiment Station
235	institution_mention	1905	South Dakota Agricultural College
236	institution_mention	1905	Sdsu Agricultural Experiment Station

Document Reader

Reviewable cultivar from this document:

This selector is limited to cultivars that already have staging pages. Additional parsed names stay in the linked records table below.

64 additional parsed names from this document do not have staging cultivar pages yet.

Parsed Cultivar Detail

Cultivar: Forest Garden

Pages in document: p18 p19 p37 p50 p55 p85 p86 p87

Entry Snippets

Page	Basis	Snippet
18	named_entry_heading	Forest Garden, Americana.
19	explicit_cultivar_reference	trees of Forest Garden on own roots and on native plum roots are larger in tree and of rather open habit.
37	explicit_cultivar_reference	contains mainly such varieties as Hawkeye, Quaker, DeSoto, Wyant, Wolf and Forest Garden
50	explicit_cultivar_reference	LEFT Row Forest Garden
55	explicit_cultivar_reference	MIDDLE Row Forest Garden
85	explicit_cultivar_reference	Recommended for general cultivation: De Soto, Forest Garden, Cheney, Wolf (freestone), Rollingstone, Wyant, Surprise.
86	explicit_cultivar_reference	Ihave the last years planted Forest Garden, Odegard, Aitkin and Surprise, but they have not fruited yet
87	explicit_cultivar_reference	Among those occasionally killed back from the top when one or two years old are Forest Garden, Wolf, Rockford, Stoddard, Hammer (sometimes quite badly).

Raw Parsed Claims

Page	Type	Claim	Confidence
18	taxon_context	Forest Garden is identified as an Americana plum.	0.99
18	selection_origin_reference	Found in the woods at Cedar Rapids, Iowa, by Thomas Hare.	0.97
18	entry_location	It was introduced about 1862 by H. C. Raymond of the Forest Garden nurseries, Council Bluffs, Iowa.	0.96
18	release_year_reference	The introduction date is given as about 1862.	0.94
18	recommendation_context	Owing to its earliness and excellent quality this variety still retains a place on the fruit list.	0.95
18	growth_habit	The trees are weak in the forks and inclined to split under heavy fruiting.	0.98
18	fruit_size	The fruit is not of large size.	0.97
18	growth_habit	Its sprawling habit of growth should be corrected by pruning back the leading branches to induce a more compact habit of growth.	0.95
18	productivity	Many trees at the South Dakota Experiment Station have proven heavy bearers.	0.97
18	fruit_size	The station trees bore rather small fruit.	0.95
18	flavor_profile	The fruit is of very good quality.	0.95
18	description_snippet	Some trees have been badly injured by splitting down in the forks.	0.96
18	storage_duration	In wet seasons the fruit cracks badly and is a poor keeper after picking.	0.97
18	description_snippet	Fruit ripe September 1 in 1902, September 7 in 1903, and September 7 in 1904.	0.96
18	rootstock_compatibility	Fifteen trees of Forest Garden on sand cherry roots planted in orchard in 1898 as one-year trees made a strong well shaped tree with a few dead limbs and plenty of fruit.	0.95
19	rootstock_compatibility	Trees of Forest Garden on own roots and on native plum roots are larger in tree and of rather open habit.	0.89
19	release_year_reference	A. Norby observations are quoted for 1902, 1903, and 1904.	0.9
19	productivity	A. Norby reported a good crop.	0.87
19	description_snippet	Fruit ripened August 26th.	0.87
19	fruit_size	Size reported as one and one-eighth to one and one-fourth inches.	0.88
19	flavor_profile	Fruit described as sweet.	0.86
19	entry_hardiness_observation	Fruit cracks badly after a rain.	0.9
19	entry_hardiness_observation	Stands drouth very well.	0.92
19	growth_habit	Tree described as a little weak in 1902.	0.78
19	growth_habit	Tree described in 1903 as a rampant grower that splits easily.	0.88
19	productivity	Very productive.	0.9
19	fruit_size	Fruit of good average size.	0.81
19	entry_hardiness_observation	Skin of fruit cracks easily after a rain.	0.9
37	selection_origin_reference	Forest Garden was one of the main varieties in H. J. Gurney's Elk Point orchard.	0.82
50	caption_context	Listed in the left row of Plate No. 2, 'Some Native Plums, Crop of 1902,' to be read downward.	0.99
55	caption_context	Listed in Plate No. 7 under Native Plums, photographed September 7, 1904, in the middle row.	0.97
85	recommendation_context	Recommended for general cultivation by the Minnesota State Horticultural Society list adopted December 8, 1904, as a guide for planters in Minnesota.	0.97
86	entry_location	Alex Alin of Fullerton, Dickey County, North Dakota, had planted this cultivar by January 1904.	0.92
86	productivity	It had not fruited yet in Alin's planting at the time of his report.	0.94
86	entry_location	D. W. Buchanan of St. Charles, Manitoba, also had this cultivar under test.	0.91
86	entry_hardiness_observation	Forest Garden and Wyant had frozen back nearly all the new growth every year in Buchanan's experience.	0.97
87	entry_hardiness_observation	In correspondence from De Soto, Manitoba, Forest Garden is reported as occasionally killed back from the top when one or two years old.	0.91
87	entry_location	The observation is tied to De Soto, Manitoba.	0.89

Inherited Context

p18: Plum | Americana | Americana plum group | hortulana plum group | Plum cultivar entries | South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station | South Dakota State University | South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station evaluation plantings | South Dakota | Minnesota | Iowa | Unite
p19: plums | Prunus domestica | Prunus hortulana | native-plum-rooted orchard material | Plums | Cultivar descriptions | South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station | station trialing of named plum cultivars | originator and introducer histories | South Dakota | Rapid City | Bla
p37: plums | Prunus | seedlings and named selections | South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station | South Dakota Horticultural Society | seedling selection from cultivated plum orchards | grower-raised seedlings evaluated for fruit quality and performance | South Dakota | Yankt
p50: native plums | plums | illustration plates | native plum cultivar specimens | South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station | South Dakota Agricultural College | regional fruit testing and introduction work | South Dakota | northern plains
p55: Prunus | native plums | Prunus americana | Prunus hortulana | Prunus americana x hortulana | Plate series | Native Plums | South Dakota Agricultural College | South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station | plum evaluation and selection in South Dakota | seedling and hybrid c
p85: plums | native plums | Prunus | native plum types | Prunus nigra type | Handling and packing of plums | Breeding | South Dakota Agricultural College | South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station | Minnesota State Horticultural Society | evaluation of native plum varieties f
p86: Prunus nigra type | native plums | Prunus | Prunus nigra | Prunus americana | northern named plums | native plum selections | Adaptation and hardiness of plums in northern regions | Correspondence extracts on cultivar performance | South Dakota Agricultural College | South D
p87: Prunus | Prunus americana | hybrid plums | regional adaptation and hardiness | breeding hardy plums | South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station | selection from native seedlings | crossing hardy native plums with cultivated varieties | evaluation of fruiting seedlings | S

Cultivar Citation Focus: This reader is filtered to citation evidence linked to Forest Garden (ID 403) within document 17. Use the rows below to jump the PDF directly to relevant passages.

Citation focus: cultivar focus: Forest Garden (ID 403) | page focus: 18 | quote focus: Found in the woods at Cedar Rapids, Iowa, by Thomas Hare.

Choose a citation row to jump the PDF view. The `focus` term is sent to browser PDF search where supported.

Page	Type	Quote	Claim	Entity	Jump
18	taxon_context	Forest Garden, Americana.	Forest Garden is identified as an Americana plum.	cultivar 403	Open Review parse
18	selection_origin_reference	Forest Garden, Americana.	Found in the woods at Cedar Rapids, Iowa, by Thomas Hare.	cultivar 403	Open Review parse
18	entry_location	Forest Garden, Americana.	It was introduced about 1862 by H. C. Raymond of the Forest Garden nurseries, Council Bluffs, Iowa.	cultivar 403	Open Review parse
18	release_year_reference	Forest Garden, Americana.	The introduction date is given as about 1862.	cultivar 403	Open Review parse
18	recommendation_context	Forest Garden, Americana.	Owing to its earliness and excellent quality this variety still retains a place on the fruit list.	cultivar 403	Open Review parse
18	growth_habit	Forest Garden, Americana.	The trees are weak in the forks and inclined to split under heavy fruiting.	cultivar 403	Open Review parse
18	fruit_size	Forest Garden, Americana.	The fruit is not of large size.	cultivar 403	Open Review parse
18	productivity	Forest Garden, Americana.	Many trees at the South Dakota Experiment Station have proven heavy bearers.	cultivar 403	Open Review parse
18	flavor_profile	Forest Garden, Americana.	The fruit is of very good quality.	cultivar 403	Open Review parse
18	description_snippet	Forest Garden, Americana.	Some trees have been badly injured by splitting down in the forks.	cultivar 403	Open Review parse
18	storage_duration	Forest Garden, Americana.	In wet seasons the fruit cracks badly and is a poor keeper after picking.	cultivar 403	Open Review parse
18	rootstock_compatibility	Forest Garden, Americana.	Fifteen trees of Forest Garden on sand cherry roots planted in orchard in 1898 as one-year trees made a strong well shaped tree with a few d	cultivar 403	Open Review parse
19	rootstock_compatibility	trees of Forest Garden on own roots and on native plum roots are larger in tree and of rather open habit.	Trees of Forest Garden on own roots and on native plum roots are larger in tree and of rather open habit.	cultivar 403	Open Review parse
19	release_year_reference	trees of Forest Garden on own roots and on native plum roots are larger in tree and of rather open habit.	A. Norby observations are quoted for 1902, 1903, and 1904.	cultivar 403	Open Review parse
19	productivity	trees of Forest Garden on own roots and on native plum roots are larger in tree and of rather open habit.	A. Norby reported a good crop.	cultivar 403	Open Review parse
19	description_snippet	trees of Forest Garden on own roots and on native plum roots are larger in tree and of rather open habit.	Fruit ripened August 26th.	cultivar 403	Open Review parse
19	fruit_size	trees of Forest Garden on own roots and on native plum roots are larger in tree and of rather open habit.	Size reported as one and one-eighth to one and one-fourth inches.	cultivar 403	Open Review parse
19	flavor_profile	trees of Forest Garden on own roots and on native plum roots are larger in tree and of rather open habit.	Fruit described as sweet.	cultivar 403	Open Review parse
19	entry_hardiness_observation	trees of Forest Garden on own roots and on native plum roots are larger in tree and of rather open habit.	Fruit cracks badly after a rain.	cultivar 403	Open Review parse
19	growth_habit	trees of Forest Garden on own roots and on native plum roots are larger in tree and of rather open habit.	Tree described as a little weak in 1902.	cultivar 403	Open Review parse
37	selection_origin_reference	contains mainly such varieties as Hawkeye, Quaker, DeSoto, Wyant, Wolf and Forest Garden	Forest Garden was one of the main varieties in H. J. Gurney's Elk Point orchard.	cultivar 403	Open Review parse

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Linked Cultivars

ID	Cultivar	Evidence / Claims	History / Pages	Link
431	New Ulm	42	0	Open cultivar
400	Desoto	41	0	Open cultivar
394	Compass	34	0	Open cultivar
403	Forest Garden	29	0	Open cultivar
390	Cheney	28	0	Open cultivar
377	Aitkin	23	0	Open cultivar
407	Hammer	23	0	Open cultivar
434	Odegard	23	0	Open cultivar
466	Stoddard	23	0	Open cultivar
163	Wyant	21	0	Open cultivar
416	Lang	20	0	Open cultivar
458	Wolf	19	0	Open cultivar
475	Wood	19	0	Open cultivar
161	Terry	18	0	Open cultivar
408	Miner	18	0	Open cultivar
420	Mankato	17	0	Open cultivar
383	Bender	16	0	Open cultivar
413	Jones	16	0	Open cultivar
451	Rockford	16	0	Open cultivar
92	Surprise	15	0	Open cultivar
389	Champion	15	0	Open cultivar
423	Marcus	15	0	Open cultivar
380	Baldwin	14	0	Open cultivar
401	Early Minnesota	14	0	Open cultivar
409	Harrison	14	0	Open cultivar
410	Hart	14	0	Open cultivar
412	Iowa	14	0	Open cultivar
415	Klondike	14	0	Open cultivar
425	Milletts Early Red	13	0	Open cultivar
459	Smith	13	0	Open cultivar
129	Hawkeye	12	0	Open cultivar
379	Ames	12	0	Open cultivar
397	Diana	12	0	Open cultivar
465	State Fair No 24	12	0	Open cultivar
469	Van Deman	12	0	Open cultivar
432	Norby No 11	11	0	Open cultivar
443	Pilot	11	0	Open cultivar
454	J. B. Rue	11	0	Open cultivar
392	Clingstone Wolf	10	0	Open cultivar
411	Hunt'S De Soto	10	0	Open cultivar
422	Marcellus	10	0	Open cultivar
433	Ocheeda	10	0	Open cultivar
455	Dewolf Seedling	10	0	Open cultivar
462	State Fair No 36	10	0	Open cultivar
464	State Fair No 38	10	0	Open cultivar
470	Weaver	10	0	Open cultivar
396	Danish Damson Krueger	9	0	Open cultivar
399	Dennis	9	0	Open cultivar
429	Moldavka	9	0	Open cultivar
435	Old Gold	9	0	Open cultivar
456	Norby No 51	9	0	Open cultivar
388	Caroline	8	0	Open cultivar
405	Golden Prune	8	0	Open cultivar
440	Oxford	8	0	Open cultivar
461	State Fair No 34	8	0	Open cultivar
384	Blackhawk	7	0	Open cultivar
386	Burbank	7	0	Open cultivar
414	Knudson'S Peach	7	0	Open cultivar
418	Lombard	7	0	Open cultivar
428	Milton	7	0	Open cultivar
447	Prunus Nigra Yellow	7	0	Open cultivar
452	Rollingstone	7	0	Open cultivar
460	Speer	7	0	Open cultivar
473	Wolf On Sand Cherry Stock	7	0	Open cultivar
385	Black Prune	6	0	Open cultivar
398	Downing	6	0	Open cultivar
421	Maquoketa	6	0	Open cultivar
427	Milletts Very Early Red	6	0	Open cultivar
436	Olson	6	0	Open cultivar
463	State Fair No 37	6	0	Open cultivar
468	Van Buren	6	0	Open cultivar
474	Freestone Wolf	6	0	Open cultivar
393	Comfort	5	0	Open cultivar
395	Crescent City	5	0	Open cultivar
402	Esther	5	0	Open cultivar
417	Lillie	5	0	Open cultivar
424	Merunka	5	0	Open cultivar
438	Orel No 20	5	0	Open cultivar
441	Owatonna	5	0	Open cultivar
442	Penning'S Peach	5	0	Open cultivar
467	Ungarish Prune	5	0	Open cultivar
471	Wildgoose	5	0	Open cultivar
472	Winnebago	5	0	Open cultivar
378	American Eagle	4	0	Open cultivar
381	Barnsbeck	4	0	Open cultivar
382	Bassett	4	0	Open cultivar
387	Carpenter Seedling	4	0	Open cultivar
426	Millett	4	0	Open cultivar
439	Orel No 21	4	0	Open cultivar
449	Purple Yosemite	4	0	Open cultivar
450	Rareripe	4	0	Open cultivar
453	Rue	4	0	Open cultivar
419	Manitoba Seedlings	3	0	Open cultivar
430	New American	3	0	Open cultivar
437	Orel No 19	3	0	Open cultivar
444	Pomona	3	0	Open cultivar
445	Prunus Maritima	3	0	Open cultivar
446	Prunus Nigra Crimson	3	0	Open cultivar
448	Prunus Simoni	3	0	Open cultivar
476	Yellow Yosemite	3	0	Open cultivar
457	Quaker	2	0	Open cultivar
391	De Soto	1	0	Open cultivar
404	Free Silver	1	0	Open cultivar
406	Italian Prune	1	0	Open cultivar
parsed only	Manitoba No. 1	22	23	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Rollingstone x Wolf	16	35, 50, 55	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Marianna	7	68	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Norby No. 1	6	29	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Prunus hortulana X Americana Yellow	6	33	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Russian No. 3	6	36	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Milletts T. T	5	26	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Peach	5	68	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Prunus Americana X Hortulana Crimson	5	33	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Improved Dwarf Rocky Mountain	4	8	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Pottawattamie	4	8, 48	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Russian No. 2	4	36	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	State Fair No 16	4	55, 56	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Harrison'S Peach	3	52, 54	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Hunt'S Desoto	3	52, 54	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Myrobalan	3	68	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Prunus americana x hortulana, crimson	3	55	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Prunus americana x hortulana, yellow	3	55	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	St Julien	3	68	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	State Fair No 12	3	56	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	State Fair No 19	3	56	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	State Fair No. 4	3	56	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	State Fair No. 6	3	56	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Bixby	2	86	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Cottrell	2	86	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	European Sloe	2	68	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Goose	2	48	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Hender	2	53	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	M. J. Dewolf	2	53	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	P. Am X. Hortulana	2	58	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Seedling from M. J. De Wolf	2	36	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Wayland	2	69	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	A	1	59	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Brittlewood	1	85	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	C	1	59	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	D	1	59	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	E	1	59	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	F	1	59	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	H	1	59	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	I	1	59	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	K	1	59	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	M	1	59	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Mellette'S Early Red	1	58	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	N	1	59	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	No 10	1	59	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	No 34	1	57	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	No. 6	1	59	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	O	1	59	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Ocheda	1	85	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Ofana	1	50	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	P	1	59	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	S. F. No. 1	1	57	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	S. F. No. 11	1	57	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	S. F. No. 21	1	57	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	S. F. No. 24	1	57	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	S. F. No. 36	1	57	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	S. F. No. 38	1	57	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	S. F. No. 4	1	57	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	S. F. No. 6	1	57	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Wolf Seedling G	1	58	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Wolf Seedling No 11	1	55	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Wolf Seedling No 12	1	58	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Wolf Seedling No 14	1	55	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Wolf Seedling Q	1	58	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Wolf Seedling V	1	58	No staging cultivar page yet

Document-Linked Records

Relationships: 4

History events: 5

These are the structured records currently tied to this document. They should line up with the document’s main cultivar story.

Rights Records

Status	License	Holder
unknown

Credibility Records

Tier	Score	Assessor	Rationale
tier_3	55	auto	Unclassified domain; requires manual source evaluation

Translation Records

Source Lang	Target Lang	Method	Status	Note
No translation records.

Translation Quality Assessments

Translation ID	Score	Risk	Assessor	Rationale
No translation assessments.

Publication Records

Status	Visibility	Reviewer	Note
No publication records.

Extracted Entities

Type	Value	Confidence
institution_candidate	SDSU Agricultural Experiment Station	0.60
institution_candidate	South Dakota Agricultural College	0.60
institution_candidate	Bulletins SDSU Agricultural Experiment Station	0.60
institution_candidate	South Dakota State University	0.60
taxon_keyword	prunus	0.75

Extracted Claims

Type	Claim	Confidence
institution_reference	SDSU Agricultural Experiment Station	0.60
institution_reference	South Dakota Agricultural College	0.60
institution_reference	Bulletins SDSU Agricultural Experiment Station	0.60
institution_reference	South Dakota State University	0.60
year_reference	1905	0.55