Taxon ID:
Usage Facet: class=edible; edible_score=1.0; ornamental_score=0.0; inferred_from_taxon=no
Relationships: 5 | Linked Entities (visible): 5 | Evidence claims: 82 | History events: 0 | Catalog issue offerings: 0
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Evidence Badge: supported | claims=82 | sources=5 | contradictions=0
Claim Types: description_snippet:20, recommendation_context:15, taxon_context:5, release_year_reference:4, flavor_profile:3, productivity:3, selection_origin_reference:3, storage_duration:3, anecdote_snippet:2, culinary_use:2, fruit_color:2, fruit_size:2, source_reference_abbreviation:2, breeder_reference:1, growth_habit:1 | Open evidence summary JSON | Open citation drawer JSON
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Compass is an early sand cherry plum hybrid. It was long sold as the Compass cherry, though several early pomologists argued it is better understood as a small, extra early plum than a true cherry. H. Knudson of Springfield, Minnesota, originated it from a sand cherry parent collected near Bismarck, North Dakota, crossed with a plum usually identified in early sources as Miner. Sources place the cross in spring 1891, the seedling's first fruiting in 1894, and its introduction in 1896. Later writers still listed it as Prunus besseyi × P. hortulana or as Sand cherry × Miner plum. [S5] [S6] [S4] [S9]
Compass was important because it was treated as one of the first named fruits from this hardy sand cherry plum line. Some sources called it the first introduced seedling of that parentage on record. South Dakota writers saw it as more than a novelty and called it a forerunner of a new race of fruits for the northern plains. It was widely trialed, placed on Minnesota and South Dakota horticultural society lists, and later remained in the nursery trade as a standard pollinizer for related Hansen hybrids such as Sapa and Oka. [S5] [S6] [S7] [S8] [S12]
The fruit is consistently described as small and plum like, about 1 inch by 7/8 inch, roundish oval to slightly flattened, with dark red to dark brownish red glossy skin and some blue bloom over yellow to yellowish flesh. Contemporary descriptions call it very juicy and tender, with a pleasant, sprightly flavor that mixes sand cherry and plum. Prairie index material describes it as small to medium, dark purplish red outside, yellow fleshed, and mainly suited to processing. [S6] [S5] [S4]
Compass was valued more for earliness and home use than for shipping. South Dakota descriptions give a ripening period around August 18 to 23, while a prairie orchard bulletin places the season in the first half of September and the prairie index calls it late. Season reports vary by source and region. It was praised for fresh eating, jelly, canning, and other processing, but it keeps only a short time after picking. A. Norby judged it attractive and fair in quality, but of little market value because larger and better plums were available. [S6] [S9] [S4] [S12]
The plant was described as vigorous, upright, and productive, with long, slender branches that benefit from early trimming. Another prairie source called it vase shaped and productive. Early reports say it bears young and abundantly, and South Dakota bulletins emphasized its heavy crops. The same sources also note weaknesses. Norby reported susceptibility to spur blight and rot, and one very wet 1903 season brought severe fruit rot on the tree. [S6] [S9]
Cold climate value is central to Compass's history. It was recommended for trial in Minnesota, praised for home gardens in Minnesota and South Dakota, listed among plums and hybrids for prairie orchards, and later sold by northern nurseries as a very hardy tree that could thrive in nearly any location and serve as one of the best pollinizers for hardy cherry plum hybrids. That nursery role became one of its lasting practical uses, especially with Sapa and Oka. [S6] [S9] [S12]
Its parentage is the main unresolved point. Early and repeated sources state Sand cherry × Miner plum, and later reference works normalize this as P. besseyi × P. hortulana. But South Dakota breeders who fruited hundreds of Compass seedlings argued that the offspring reverted toward sand cherry or native plum and showed no sign of Miner or Morello cherry influence. They suspected that a native Minnesota plum, not Miner, was the true pollen parent. Sources disagree on that point, and the older Sand cherry × Miner formula remained the standard published identity. [S5] [S6] [S4]
Summary source basis
This summary currently draws chiefly from Minnesota #1695, with 9 additional supporting sources linked below.
Featured source descriptions
“Collection location is HRC.”
— [2]
“Table values indicate initial height 15.8 cm, initial stem diameter 1.68 mm, change in stem diameter 1.73 mm, and ΔTCA 7.42 mm².”
— [2]
“Plum 'Compass' has 25% non-scarified and 45.8% scarified germination with mean weeks 2.5 and 1.9.”
— [2]
“Represented by a single replication in the Experiment III context summarized on this page.”
— [2]
Direct parent cultivars
Parentage claim text
Derived or downstream cultivar links
Source-story quotations
Taxonomy context: Genus: Prunus | open genus tree
Related cultivars mentioned in source context
Zone assertions are structured rows. Hardiness claim text appears in evidence claims and page-linked citations.
| Zone Min | Zone Max | Zone Text | Assertion Type | Outcome | Location | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No explicit zone assertion rows yet. | ||||||
No linked media assets.
| Document | Title/URL | Rights | Claims | Relationships | History Events | Pages | Snippets |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 17 | Plums in South Dakota | unknown | 34 | 0 | 0 | p14 p15 | A. Norby stated that as a market fruit it possessed little or no value because earlier, larger, and more desirable plums were available.; A. Norby considered it attractive and of fair quality, but quite subject to spur b |
| 7 | Minnesota #1695 | unknown | 26 | 0 | 0 | p50 p71 p83 p86 p88 p91 p93 p95 | Grouping letters in the same row are A-D, A-C, A, AB, A-E, AB, A-E, A-F, A-D, and A-D by month.; Compass is represented in Table 2 as 91%, 92%, 94%, 96%, 94%, 90%, 86%, 84%, 91%, and 91% for 0 through 9 months.; Source c |
| 112 | Pollination Studies with Stone Fruits | unknown | 12 | 5 | 0 | p4 p7 p9 | Listed in row 8 of the cherry-plum orchard arrangement together with Convoy.; Included in the smaller home or commercial planting group in Table 14.; Included in the selected 11 commonly grown cherry-plum varieties used |
| 105 | Hardy fruits for Northern planting, trees, shrubs, 1937 | unknown | 7 | 0 | 0 | p3 p9 | Recommended planting ratio is at least 1 Compass to 8 or 10 Sapa or Oka in large plantings.; Described as indispensable as a pollinizer for Sapa and Oka.; An early fruiter, bearing the second year.; Fruit is especially g |
| 103 | PERENNIALS - The Northwest Nursery Co. | unknown | 3 | 0 | 0 | p10 p18 | Compass Cherry is referenced as another offspring of the Sand Cherry.; Included among new varieties of hardy fruits brought forward for the Northwest.; Identified as a cherry. |
| Document | Page | Claim Type | Claim | Quote | Match |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 105 | p9 | recommendation_context | Recommended planting ratio is at least 1 Compass to 8 or 10 Sapa or Oka in large plantings. | Compass has proven to be the most satisfactory pollinizer for Sapa and Oka Cherries. | page_block:0.90 |
| 105 | p9 | recommendation_context | Described as indispensable as a pollinizer for Sapa and Oka. | Compass has proven to be the most satisfactory pollinizer for Sapa and Oka Cherries. | page_block:0.90 |
| 105 | p9 | productivity | An early fruiter, bearing the second year. | Compass has proven to be the most satisfactory pollinizer for Sapa and Oka Cherries. | page_block:0.90 |
| 105 | p9 | culinary_use | Fruit is especially good for jams, jellies, and canning. | Compass has proven to be the most satisfactory pollinizer for Sapa and Oka Cherries. | page_block:0.90 |
| 105 | p9 | entry_hardiness_observation | Avery hardy tree that thrives in nearly any sort of location. | Compass has proven to be the most satisfactory pollinizer for Sapa and Oka Cherries. | page_block:0.90 |
| 105 | p9 | recommendation_context | Presented as the most satisfactory pollinizer for Sapa and Oka cherries. | Compass has proven to be the most satisfactory pollinizer for Sapa and Oka Cherries. | page_block:0.90 |
| 105 | p3 | recommendation_context | Included in the 12-tree Model Home Orchard assortment with 1 tree. | 1 Compass Cherry | page_block:0.90 |
| 103 | p18 | taxon_context | Compass Cherry is referenced as another offspring of the Sand Cherry. | This is also the mother of the Compass Cherry. | page_block:0.90 |
| 103 | p10 | recommendation_context | Included among new varieties of hardy fruits brought forward for the Northwest. | Other growers have brought forward many new varieties of hardy fruits—apples, crabs, plums, the Compass cherry | page_block:0.90 |
| 103 | p10 | taxon_context | Identified as a cherry. | Other growers have brought forward many new varieties of hardy fruits—apples, crabs, plums, the Compass cherry | page_block:0.90 |
| 7 | p122 | description_snippet | Grouping letters in the same row are A-D, A-C, A, AB, A-E, AB, A-E, A-F, A-D, and A-Dby month. | 'Compass' 91% A-D 92% A-C 94% A 96% AB 94% A-E 90% AB 86% A-E 84% A-F 91% A-D 91% A-D | page_block:0.90 |
| 7 | p122 | storage_duration | Compass is represented in Table 2 as 91%, 92%, 94%, 96%, 94%, 90%, 86%, 84%, 91%, and 91% for 0 through 9 months. | 'Compass' 91% A-D 92% A-C 94% A 96% AB 94% A-E 90% AB 86% A-E 84% A-F 91% A-D 91% A-D | page_block:0.90 |
| 7 | p118 | source_reference_abbreviation | Source citation given as Waugh, 1899. | P. besseyi x P. hortulana L. 'Compass' 1896 Week 18 Waugh, 1899 | page_block:0.90 |
| 7 | p118 | release_year_reference | Introduction year listed as 1896. | P. besseyi x P. hortulana L. 'Compass' 1896 Week 18 Waugh, 1899 | page_block:0.90 |
| 7 | p118 | entry_pedigree | Cultivar Compass is derived from P. besseyi × P. hortulana (both indicated as L. in the row). | P. besseyi x P. hortulana L. 'Compass' 1896 Week 18 Waugh, 1899 | page_block:0.90 |
| 7 | p109 | recommendation_context | Sustained stainability supports potential use in breeding crosses. | 'Compass' has been around for more than a century, % stainability was >50% throughout this experiment. | page_block:0.90 |
| 7 | p109 | entry_hardiness_observation | Maintained >50% pollen stainability across the reported experiment. | 'Compass' has been around for more than a century, % stainability was >50% throughout this experiment. | page_block:0.90 |
| 7 | p109 | release_year_reference | Described as having been grown/available for more than a century. | 'Compass' has been around for more than a century, % stainability was >50% throughout this experiment. | page_block:0.90 |
| 7 | p107 | description_snippet | Compass appears in the plum section of the stainability results; full within-page text for this cultivar is truncated. | Average % stainability across months in storage within ‘Compass’, | page_block:0.90 |
| 7 | p97 | entry_hardiness_observation | For 'Compass', percent survival was 80 in greenhouse (Grhs.) and 100 in field at the end of Experiment III. | Plum 'Compass' 80 100 | page_block:0.90 |
| 7 | p95 | description_snippet | Greenhouse: fraction of replications with suckers = 0 and # suckers = 0; Field: fraction of replications with suckers = 1/9 and # suckers = 1. | 'Compass' Greenhouse 0 0 Field 1/9 1 | page_block:0.90 |
| 7 | p93 | description_snippet | Herbivore rating reported as 3.4 (Tukey grouping marker bc). | Plum ... P. besseyi x Prunus spp. 'Compass' 3.4 bc | page_block:0.90 |
| 7 | p93 | entry_pedigree | Parentage shown as P. besseyi x Prunus spp. for cultivar 'Compass'. | Plum ... P. besseyi x Prunus spp. 'Compass' 3.4 bc | page_block:0.90 |
| 7 | p91 | description_snippet | Table values indicate initial height 15.8 cm, initial stem diameter 1.68 mm, change in stem diameter 1.73 mm, and ΔTCA 7.42 mm². | P. bessyi x P. hortulana 'Compass' 15.8 bcd 1.68 b 1.73 b 7.42 b | page_block:0.90 |
| 7 | p91 | taxon_context | Plum-related interspecific entry classified within Prunus bessyi × Prunus hortulana. | P. bessyi x P. hortulana 'Compass' 15.8 bcd 1.68 b 1.73 b 7.42 b | page_block:0.90 |
| 7 | p91 | entry_pedigree | Listed as a cross (hybrid) between P. bessyi and P. hortulana. | P. bessyi x P. hortulana 'Compass' 15.8 bcd 1.68 b 1.73 b 7.42 b | page_block:0.90 |
| 7 | p88 | source_reference_abbreviation | Row is presented in Table 6 with the same structure and replication metrics as adjacent entries. | P. bessyi x P. hortulana ‘Compass’ 77.2 a 5.93 abc 0.62 7.39 | page_block:0.90 |
| 7 | p88 | description_snippet | Recorded metrics for Compass are 77.2 a (height), 5.93 abc (stem diameter), 0.62 change in diameter, and 7.39 change in TCA (mm²). | P. bessyi x P. hortulana ‘Compass’ 77.2 a 5.93 abc 0.62 7.39 | page_block:0.90 |
| 7 | p88 | entry_pedigree | This is an interspecific hybrid listed as Prunus bessyi x Prunus hortulana 'Compass'. | P. bessyi x P. hortulana ‘Compass’ 77.2 a 5.93 abc 0.62 7.39 | page_block:0.90 |
| 7 | p86 | description_snippet | Listed in the plum subsection of Table 5 continued. | Table 5: Continued ... 'Compass' 20.8 cd 29.2 abc | page_block:0.90 |
| 7 | p86 | storage_duration | Plum 'Compass' showed 20.8% germination at 25 months and 29.2% at 1 month (Table 5). | Table 5: Continued ... 'Compass' 20.8 cd 29.2 abc | page_block:0.90 |
| 7 | p83 | description_snippet | Plum 'Compass' has 25% non-scarified and 45.8% scarified germination with mean weeks 2.5 and 1.9. | Plum 'Compass' 25 abcde 45.8 2.5 1.9 | page_block:0.90 |
| 7 | p71 | description_snippet | Seed-year row shows x markers and replication counts 11 (greenhouse) and 9 (field). | P. besseyi x P. hortulana L. ‘Compass’ HRC x x 11 9 | page_block:0.90 |
| 7 | p71 | selection_origin_reference | Collection location is HRC. | P. besseyi x P. hortulana L. ‘Compass’ HRC x x 11 9 | page_block:0.90 |
| 7 | p71 | entry_pedigree | Species column explicitly lists an interspecific cross: P. besseyi x P. hortulana. | P. besseyi x P. hortulana L. ‘Compass’ HRC x x 11 9 | page_block:0.90 |
| 7 | p50 | description_snippet | Compass is referenced as a plum cultivar with single replications in Table 9. | Replications from Hazel and South Dakota, and single replications from Compass, Gracious, Monitor, and Whittaker (Table 9). | page_block:0.90 |
| 112 | p9 | recommendation_context | Listed in row 8 of the cherry-plum orchard arrangement together with Convoy. | 8 Convoy and Compass | page_block:0.90 |
| 112 | p7 | recommendation_context | Included in the smaller home or commercial planting group in Table 14. | Compass 22 G Late Good P. Besseyi x Miner plum | page_block:0.90 |
| 112 | p7 | recommendation_context | Included in the selected 11 commonly grown cherry-plum varieties used to show intercompatibility. | Compass 22 G Late Good P. Besseyi x Miner plum | page_block:0.90 |
| 112 | p7 | recommendation_context | The narrative states Compass shows good compatibility with 13 out of 22 varieties, fair with two, and poor with seven. | Compass 22 G Late Good P. Besseyi x Miner plum | page_block:0.90 |
| 112 | p7 | description_snippet | Pollen abundance is good. | Compass 22 G Late Good P. Besseyi x Miner plum | page_block:0.90 |
| 112 | p7 | description_snippet | Season of bloom is late. | Compass 22 G Late Good P. Besseyi x Miner plum | page_block:0.90 |
| 112 | p7 | description_snippet | Rated good as a pollinizer in tests on 22 varieties. | Compass 22 G Late Good P. Besseyi x Miner plum | page_block:0.90 |
| 112 | p7 | entry_pedigree | Parentage is given as P. besseyi x Miner plum. | Compass 22 G Late Good P. Besseyi x Miner plum | page_block:0.90 |
| 112 | p4 | entry_pedigree | Species/background listed as P. besseyi x P. hortulana Mineri. | Compass 2 Very late P. Besseyi x P. hortulana Mineri | page_block:0.90 |
| 112 | p4 | description_snippet | Bloom season: very late. | Compass 2 Very late P. Besseyi x P. hortulana Mineri | page_block:0.90 |
| 112 | p4 | description_snippet | Pollinated 2 varieties tested. | Compass 2 Very late P. Besseyi x P. hortulana Mineri | page_block:0.90 |
| 112 | p4 | recommendation_context | Rated as a good pollinizer in Table 3. | Compass 2 Very late P. Besseyi x P. hortulana Mineri | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p15 | recommendation_context | A. Norby stated that as a market fruit it possessed little or no value because earlier, larger, and more desirable plums were available. | The Compass is probably the forerunner of a race of hybrids which will be of value for general cultivation, but it is a mistake to call it a cherry. | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p15 | recommendation_context | A. Norby considered it attractive and of fair quality, but quite subject to spur blight and rot. | The Compass is probably the forerunner of a race of hybrids which will be of value for general cultivation, but it is a mistake to call it a cherry. | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p15 | productivity | A. Norby wrote that it bears young and abundantly. | The Compass is probably the forerunner of a race of hybrids which will be of value for general cultivation, but it is a mistake to call it a cherry. | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p15 | description_snippet | Pit cling; skin fairly free from astringency; pit with considerable red and free from the fruit, longish oval, tapering to both ends with blunt margin and quite thick. | The Compass is probably the forerunner of a race of hybrids which will be of value for general cultivation, but it is a mistake to call it a cherry. | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p15 | flavor_profile | Quality is good for eating out of hand; flavor is a pleasant acid, a mingling of sand cherry and plum. | The Compass is probably the forerunner of a race of hybrids which will be of value for general cultivation, but it is a mistake to call it a cherry. | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p15 | description_snippet | Flesh is light greenish yellow, very juicy and tender. | The Compass is probably the forerunner of a race of hybrids which will be of value for general cultivation, but it is a mistake to call it a cherry. | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p15 | description_snippet | Dots are very minute and inconspicuous brown; skin thin and tough. | The Compass is probably the forerunner of a race of hybrids which will be of value for general cultivation, but it is a mistake to call it a cherry. | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p15 | fruit_color | Surface is a solid dark brownish red with characteristic gloss and some blue bloom. | The Compass is probably the forerunner of a race of hybrids which will be of value for general cultivation, but it is a mistake to call it a cherry. | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p15 | description_snippet | Shape roundish oval, somewhat tapering; apex rounded; cavity distinct and rather deep; suture a line. | The Compass is probably the forerunner of a race of hybrids which will be of value for general cultivation, but it is a mistake to call it a cherry. | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p15 | fruit_size | Description gives size as about one inch by seven-eighths, slightly flattened sideways. | The Compass is probably the forerunner of a race of hybrids which will be of value for general cultivation, but it is a mistake to call it a cherry. | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p15 | anecdote_snippet | In 1903 the crop was excessive and the fruit rotted badly on the tree, but the season was extremely wet and many other plums were affected likewise. | The Compass is probably the forerunner of a race of hybrids which will be of value for general cultivation, but it is a mistake to call it a cherry. | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p15 | flavor_profile | The flavor is pleasant, peculiar, sprightly, and a mingling of sand cherry and plum. | The Compass is probably the forerunner of a race of hybrids which will be of value for general cultivation, but it is a mistake to call it a cherry. | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p15 | storage_duration | Keeps only a short time after picking and is chiefly valuable for earliness for the home garden. | The Compass is probably the forerunner of a race of hybrids which will be of value for general cultivation, but it is a mistake to call it a cherry. | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p15 | culinary_use | Good to eat out of hand and makes a fine jelly. | The Compass is probably the forerunner of a race of hybrids which will be of value for general cultivation, but it is a mistake to call it a cherry. | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p15 | release_year_reference | Fruit ripe August 18 to 23. | The Compass is probably the forerunner of a race of hybrids which will be of value for general cultivation, but it is a mistake to call it a cherry. | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p15 | fruit_color | Fruit is dark red with very glossy skin. | The Compass is probably the forerunner of a race of hybrids which will be of value for general cultivation, but it is a mistake to call it a cherry. | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p15 | growth_habit | Compass makes a large, upright, strong-growing tree with a tendency to long slender branches, suggesting the need of trimming in the early years. | The Compass is probably the forerunner of a race of hybrids which will be of value for general cultivation, but it is a mistake to call it a cherry. | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p15 | taxon_context | The page argues that Compass should not be called a cherry. | The Compass is probably the forerunner of a race of hybrids which will be of value for general cultivation, but it is a mistake to call it a cherry. | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p15 | anecdote_snippet | The originator also used Morello cherry pollen, but no evidence of cherry influence shows in Compass or its seedlings. | The Compass is probably the forerunner of a race of hybrids which will be of value for general cultivation, but it is a mistake to call it a cherry. | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p15 | entry_pedigree | The writer concludes that some native Minnesota plum, not Miner, was the sire of Compass, because seedlings revert either to the sand cherry or native plum. | The Compass is probably the forerunner of a race of hybrids which will be of value for general cultivation, but it is a mistake to call it a cherry. | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p14 | selection_origin_reference | Six Compass trees at the Station were planted in 1898 and given special attention from the plant-breeding standpoint. | Compass, Besseyi X Americana. | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p14 | recommendation_context | It is on the trial list of the Minnesota and South Dakota State Horticultural Societies. | Compass, Besseyi X Americana. | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p14 | recommendation_context | It is described as worthy of a place in the home garden. | Compass, Besseyi X Americana. | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p14 | flavor_profile | The fruit is described as having a pleasant, sprightly flavor. | Compass, Besseyi X Americana. | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p14 | fruit_size | It bears small plum-like fruit. | Compass, Besseyi X Americana. | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p14 | productivity | The hybrid plant proved to be an early and abundant bearer. | Compass, Besseyi X Americana. | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p14 | release_year_reference | The resulting seedling fruited in 1894. | Compass, Besseyi X Americana. | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p14 | entry_location | The origin is tied to Springfield, Minnesota; the Sand Cherry parent came from near Bismarck, North Dakota. | Compass, Besseyi X Americana. | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p14 | entry_pedigree | The Sand Cherry was the female parent. | Compass, Besseyi X Americana. | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p14 | entry_pedigree | It was produced by crossing the Sand Cherry from near Bismarck, North Dakota, with the Miner plum. | Compass, Besseyi X Americana. | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p14 | breeder_reference | The originator named is H. Knudson. | Compass, Besseyi X Americana. | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p14 | selection_origin_reference | Originated in the spring of 1891 by H. Knudson of Springfield, Minnesota. | Compass, Besseyi X Americana. | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p14 | description_snippet | The text says it is called the Compass cherry but would be called a small extra early plum by most people. | Compass, Besseyi X Americana. | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p14 | taxon_context | Presented as a Besseyi x Americana hybrid. | Compass, Besseyi X Americana. | page_block:0.90 |
| Year | Nursery | Catalog Issue | Relation |
|---|---|---|---|
| No catalog issue offerings linked. | |||
| Relation | Type | ID | Label |
|---|---|---|---|
| pollinizer_good_for | cultivar | 1401 | Convoy |
| pollinizer_good_for | cultivar | 1423 | Sapalta |
| pollinizer_good_for | cultivar | 159 | Opata |
| pollinizer_good_for | cultivar | 1422 | Manor |
| pollinizer_good_for | cultivar | 158 | Sapa |
| Type | Claim | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| recommendation_context | Recommended planting ratio is at least 1 Compass to 8 or 10 Sapa or Oka in large plantings. | 0.97 |
| recommendation_context | Described as indispensable as a pollinizer for Sapa and Oka. | 0.98 |
| productivity | An early fruiter, bearing the second year. | 0.96 |
| culinary_use | Fruit is especially good for jams, jellies, and canning. | 0.97 |
| entry_hardiness_observation | A very hardy tree that thrives in nearly any sort of location. | 0.97 |
| recommendation_context | Presented as the most satisfactory pollinizer for Sapa and Oka cherries. | 0.99 |
| recommendation_context | Included in the 12-tree Model Home Orchard assortment with 1 tree. | 0.93 |
| taxon_context | Compass Cherry is referenced as another offspring of the Sand Cherry. | 0.90 |
| recommendation_context | Included among new varieties of hardy fruits brought forward for the Northwest. | 0.92 |
| taxon_context | Identified as a cherry. | 0.93 |
| description_snippet | Grouping letters in the same row are A-D, A-C, A, AB, A-E, AB, A-E, A-F, A-D, and A-D by month. | 0.87 |
| storage_duration | Compass is represented in Table 2 as 91%, 92%, 94%, 96%, 94%, 90%, 86%, 84%, 91%, and 91% for 0 through 9 months. | 0.94 |
| source_reference_abbreviation | Source citation given as Waugh, 1899. | 0.95 |
| release_year_reference | Introduction year listed as 1896. | 0.96 |
| entry_pedigree | Cultivar Compass is derived from P. besseyi × P. hortulana (both indicated as L. in the row). | 0.97 |
| recommendation_context | Sustained stainability supports potential use in breeding crosses. | 0.74 |
| entry_hardiness_observation | Maintained >50% pollen stainability across the reported experiment. | 0.87 |
| release_year_reference | Described as having been grown/available for more than a century. | 0.81 |
| description_snippet | Compass appears in the plum section of the stainability results; full within-page text for this cultivar is truncated. | 0.58 |
| entry_hardiness_observation | For 'Compass', percent survival was 80 in greenhouse (Grhs.) and 100 in field at the end of Experiment III. | 0.99 |
| description_snippet | Greenhouse: fraction of replications with suckers = 0 and # suckers = 0; Field: fraction of replications with suckers = 1/9 and # suckers = 1. | 0.96 |
| description_snippet | Herbivore rating reported as 3.4 (Tukey grouping marker bc). | 0.97 |
| entry_pedigree | Parentage shown as P. besseyi x Prunus spp. for cultivar 'Compass'. | 0.99 |
| description_snippet | Table values indicate initial height 15.8 cm, initial stem diameter 1.68 mm, change in stem diameter 1.73 mm, and ΔTCA 7.42 mm². | 0.97 |
| taxon_context | Plum-related interspecific entry classified within Prunus bessyi × Prunus hortulana. | 0.98 |
| entry_pedigree | Listed as a cross (hybrid) between P. bessyi and P. hortulana. | 0.99 |
| source_reference_abbreviation | Row is presented in Table 6 with the same structure and replication metrics as adjacent entries. | 0.95 |
| description_snippet | Recorded metrics for Compass are 77.2 a (height), 5.93 abc (stem diameter), 0.62 change in diameter, and 7.39 change in TCA (mm²). | 0.97 |
| entry_pedigree | This is an interspecific hybrid listed as Prunus bessyi x Prunus hortulana 'Compass'. | 0.99 |
| description_snippet | Listed in the plum subsection of Table 5 continued. | 0.99 |
| storage_duration | Plum 'Compass' showed 20.8% germination at 25 months and 29.2% at 1 month (Table 5). | 0.97 |
| description_snippet | Plum 'Compass' has 25% non-scarified and 45.8% scarified germination with mean weeks 2.5 and 1.9. | 0.95 |
| description_snippet | Seed-year row shows x markers and replication counts 11 (greenhouse) and 9 (field). | 0.91 |
| selection_origin_reference | Collection location is HRC. | 0.96 |
| entry_pedigree | Species column explicitly lists an interspecific cross: P. besseyi x P. hortulana. | 0.98 |
| description_snippet | Compass is referenced as a plum cultivar with single replications in Table 9. | 0.90 |
| recommendation_context | Listed in row 8 of the cherry-plum orchard arrangement together with Convoy. | 0.95 |
| recommendation_context | Included in the smaller home or commercial planting group in Table 14. | 0.90 |
| recommendation_context | Included in the selected 11 commonly grown cherry-plum varieties used to show intercompatibility. | 0.90 |
| recommendation_context | The narrative states Compass shows good compatibility with 13 out of 22 varieties, fair with two, and poor with seven. | 0.93 |
| description_snippet | Pollen abundance is good. | 0.95 |
| description_snippet | Season of bloom is late. | 0.95 |
| description_snippet | Rated good as a pollinizer in tests on 22 varieties. | 0.96 |
| entry_pedigree | Parentage is given as P. besseyi x Miner plum. | 0.98 |
| entry_pedigree | Species/background listed as P. besseyi x P. hortulana Mineri. | 0.99 |
| description_snippet | Bloom season: very late. | 0.97 |
| description_snippet | Pollinated 2 varieties tested. | 0.96 |
| recommendation_context | Rated as a good pollinizer in Table 3. | 0.99 |
| recommendation_context | A. Norby stated that as a market fruit it possessed little or no value because earlier, larger, and more desirable plums were available. | 0.97 |
| recommendation_context | A. Norby considered it attractive and of fair quality, but quite subject to spur blight and rot. | 0.97 |
| productivity | A. Norby wrote that it bears young and abundantly. | 0.96 |
| description_snippet | Pit cling; skin fairly free from astringency; pit with considerable red and free from the fruit, longish oval, tapering to both ends with blunt margin and quite thick. | 0.83 |
| flavor_profile | Quality is good for eating out of hand; flavor is a pleasant acid, a mingling of sand cherry and plum. | 0.96 |
| description_snippet | Flesh is light greenish yellow, very juicy and tender. | 0.93 |
| description_snippet | Dots are very minute and inconspicuous brown; skin thin and tough. | 0.91 |
| fruit_color | Surface is a solid dark brownish red with characteristic gloss and some blue bloom. | 0.95 |
| description_snippet | Shape roundish oval, somewhat tapering; apex rounded; cavity distinct and rather deep; suture a line. | 0.90 |
| fruit_size | Description gives size as about one inch by seven-eighths, slightly flattened sideways. | 0.92 |
| anecdote_snippet | In 1903 the crop was excessive and the fruit rotted badly on the tree, but the season was extremely wet and many other plums were affected likewise. | 0.95 |
| flavor_profile | The flavor is pleasant, peculiar, sprightly, and a mingling of sand cherry and plum. | 0.97 |
| storage_duration | Keeps only a short time after picking and is chiefly valuable for earliness for the home garden. | 0.96 |
| culinary_use | Good to eat out of hand and makes a fine jelly. | 0.96 |
| release_year_reference | Fruit ripe August 18 to 23. | 0.92 |
| fruit_color | Fruit is dark red with very glossy skin. | 0.97 |
| growth_habit | Compass makes a large, upright, strong-growing tree with a tendency to long slender branches, suggesting the need of trimming in the early years. | 0.96 |
| taxon_context | The page argues that Compass should not be called a cherry. | 0.97 |
| anecdote_snippet | The originator also used Morello cherry pollen, but no evidence of cherry influence shows in Compass or its seedlings. | 0.91 |
| entry_pedigree | The writer concludes that some native Minnesota plum, not Miner, was the sire of Compass, because seedlings revert either to the sand cherry or native plum. | 0.95 |
| selection_origin_reference | Six Compass trees at the Station were planted in 1898 and given special attention from the plant-breeding standpoint. | 0.92 |
| recommendation_context | It is on the trial list of the Minnesota and South Dakota State Horticultural Societies. | 0.93 |
| recommendation_context | It is described as worthy of a place in the home garden. | 0.92 |
| flavor_profile | The fruit is described as having a pleasant, sprightly flavor. | 0.94 |
| fruit_size | It bears small plum-like fruit. | 0.94 |
| productivity | The hybrid plant proved to be an early and abundant bearer. | 0.95 |
| release_year_reference | The resulting seedling fruited in 1894. | 0.96 |
| entry_location | The origin is tied to Springfield, Minnesota; the Sand Cherry parent came from near Bismarck, North Dakota. | 0.94 |
| entry_pedigree | The Sand Cherry was the female parent. | 0.98 |
| entry_pedigree | It was produced by crossing the Sand Cherry from near Bismarck, North Dakota, with the Miner plum. | 0.97 |
| breeder_reference | The originator named is H. Knudson. | 0.97 |
| selection_origin_reference | Originated in the spring of 1891 by H. Knudson of Springfield, Minnesota. | 0.97 |
| description_snippet | The text says it is called the Compass cherry but would be called a small extra early plum by most people. | 0.96 |
| taxon_context | Presented as a Besseyi x Americana hybrid. | 0.99 |
| ID | Type | Year | Label |
|---|---|---|---|
| No history events. | |||