Document 1

Title: New Hardy Fruits for the Northwest

URL: https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1338&context=agexperimentsta_bulletins

Type: pdf | Language: en | Rights: unknown

Aliases: 1 | Provenance events: 2 | Evidence claims: 400

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Citation focus: cultivar focus: S. D. Macata (ID 13) | page focus: 12 | quote focus: keep at least a year and is useful to impart a quincelike flavor to common apple sauce

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Page	Type	Quote	Claim	Entity	Jump
12	verbatim_quote	MAcATA crabapple-1938	MAcATA crabapple-1938	cultivar 13	Open
12	verbatim_quote	Mcintosh apple x Pyrus baccata	Mcintosh apple x Pyrus baccata	cultivar 13	Open
12	verbatim_quote	Abrilliant polished red all over; flesh rich subacid, cooking up tender into a light colored pleasant flavored sauce	Abrilliant polished red all over; flesh rich subacid, cooking up tender into a light colored pleasant flavored sauce	cultivar 13	Open
12	verbatim_quote	Fruit 1 Yz inches across, 1 Ys inches deep	Fruit 1 Yz inches across, 1 Ys inches deep	cultivar 13	Open
12	verbatim_quote	Season late fall	Season late fall	cultivar 13	Open
12	verbatim_quote	Taming the American Wild Crabapple The wild crabapple was the only apple known to the Indians before the white man brought over the cultivated apple which is a native of the temperate regions of Europe and Asia	Taming the American Wild Crabapple The wild crabapple was the only apple known to the Indians before the white man brought over the cultivat	cultivar 13	Open
12	verbatim_quote	The Indians cached or stored the fruit outdoors in the earth over winter	The Indians cached or stored the fruit outdoors in the earth over winter	cultivar 13	Open
12	verbatim_quote	This 5erved to tone down the astringency	This 5erved to tone down the astringency	cultivar 13	Open
12	verbatim_quote	The chief hope in growing many thousands of apple and crabapple seedlings has been to tame the wild American crabapple enough so that the fruit would be desirable at least for culinary use	The chief hope in growing many thousands of apple and crabapple seedlings has been to tame the wild American crabapple enough so that the fr	cultivar 13	Open
12	verbatim_quote	In the seedling plantations of this Station the wild crabapple from Elk River, some thirty miles northwest of Minneapolis, Minnesota, has proved hardy, productive, and practically immune to blight	In the seedling plantations of this Station the wild crabapple from Elk River, some thirty miles northwest of Minneapolis, Minnesota, has pr	cultivar 13	Open
12	verbatim_quote	The abundant fragrant pink and white blossoms in the spring make the trees of great value for lawn and park planting, while the fruit is too sour and astringent to tempt anyone	The abundant fragrant pink and white blossoms in the spring make the trees of great value for lawn and park planting, while the fruit is too	cultivar 13	Open
12	verbatim_quote	However, the fruit will keep at least a year and is useful to impart a quincelike flavor to common apple sauce	However, the fruit will keep at least a year and is useful to impart a quincelike flavor to common apple sauce	cultivar 13	Open
12	verbatim_quote	In fact, some people consider wild American apples a fair substitute for quinces in making pres�rves	In fact, some people consider wild American apples a fair substitute for quinces in making pres�rves	cultivar 13	Open
12	verbatim_quote	Other advantages are: annual bearing, early bearing, early ripening of wood, winter hardiness, late blooming	Other advantages are: annual bearing, early bearing, early ripening of wood, winter hardiness, late blooming	cultivar 13	Open
12	verbatim_quote	Some undesirable characters are the small size of fruit and thorniness of tree	Some undesirable characters are the small size of fruit and thorniness of tree	cultivar 13	Open
12	verbatim_quote	The Kola crabapple (South Dakota Station Bulletin 224) has become of great interest to cytologists and plant-breeders the world over, because it is the first known tetraploid among cultivated named apples with 68 chromos	The Kola crabapple (South Dakota Station Bulletin 224) has become of great interest to cytologists and plant-breeders the world over, becaus	cultivar 13	Open
12	verbatim_quote	This was first determined in 1928 by Dr	This was first determined in 1928 by Dr	cultivar 13	Open
12	verbatim_quote	Bernhard Nebel, Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, New York	Bernhard Nebel, Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, New York	cultivar 13	Open
12	verbatim_quote	Later research by Dr	Later research by Dr	cultivar 13	Open
12	verbatim_quote	Lincoln, University of Maryland, shows that Tipi, Shoko, Zapta, and Elk River are all tetraploids; also, that Nevis is a diploid	Lincoln, University of Maryland, shows that Tipi, Shoko, Zapta, and Elk River are all tetraploids; also, that Nevis is a diploid	cultivar 13	Open
12	verbatim_quote	The Kola and the other wild crab hybrids, such as Shoko, Zapta, and Tipi as pointed out in Bulletin 224, are all heavy annual bearers even in dry seasons	The Kola and the other wild crab hybrids, such as Shoko, Zapta, and Tipi as pointed out in Bulletin 224, are all heavy annual bearers even i	cultivar 13	Open
12	verbatim_quote	Tetraploids make is possible to originate many triploid apples (51 chromosomes) by crossing tetraploids with any of the usual diploids (34 chromosomes)	Tetraploids make is possible to originate many triploid apples (51 chromosomes) by crossing tetraploids with any of the usual diploids (34 c	cultivar 13	Open
12	verbatim_quote	Recent study in Sweden and England indicates triploid apples contain more vitamins than ordinary apples, and are higher in quality	Recent study in Sweden and England indicates triploid apples contain more vitamins than ordinary apples, and are higher in quality	cultivar 13	Open
12	verbatim_quote	It has been thought by many that it was impossible to improve the American wild crab, but the author has been working with this problem many years, and has produced many hybrids	It has been thought by many that it was impossible to improve the American wild crab, but the author has been working with this problem many	cultivar 13	Open
12	verbatim_quote	In later years the main attention has been given to the Nevis wild crab (introduced 1930) Pyrus loensis, from the farthest northwestern point where it has been found native, Nevis, Minnesota, near the headwaters of the M	In later years the main attention has been given to the Nevis wild crab (introduced 1930) Pyrus loensis, from the farthest northwestern poin	cultivar 13	Open
12	verbatim_quote	As far as can be determined the author has done more than any one else to improve this native American	As far as can be determined the author has done more than any one else to improve this native American	cultivar 13	Open

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Rights Records

Status	License	Holder
unknown

Credibility Records

Tier	Score	Assessor	Rationale
tier_1	88	auto	Academic institutional domain

Translation Records

Source Lang	Target Lang	Method	Status	Note
No translation records.

Translation Quality Assessments

Translation ID	Score	Risk	Assessor	Rationale
No translation assessments.

Publication Records

Status	Visibility	Reviewer	Note
No publication records.

Extracted Entities

Type	Value	Confidence
cultivar_candidate	Dolgo	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Checkpa Bush	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Wryuta	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Amsrn	0.95
cultivar_candidate	S. D. Macata	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Sioux Sand	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Kasota Bush	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Yermak	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Tanya	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Kota	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Tecumseh	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Oacoma	0.95
cultivar_candidate	S. D. Ben	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Sapinia	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Keo	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Cal Trio	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Be Trio	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Ann Trio	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Wotanda	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Ebo	0.95
cultivar_candidate	George Miller	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Forest King	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Chinook	0.95
cultivar_candidate	S. D. Jonsrn	0.95
cultivar_candidate	S. D. Eda	0.95
cultivar_candidate	S. D. Bona	0.95
cultivar_candidate	S. D. Bison	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Tolmo	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Semla	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Lina	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Kazan	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Goldo	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Weto Ka	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Wecota	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Waziya	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Watopa	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Wamdesa	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Woga Golden	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Wato Golden	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Wapago Golden	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Wakapa Golden	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Pawnee Golden	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Ural Mountain	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Sungari	0.95
cultivar_candidate	S. D. Valya	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Selenga	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Okolo	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Ilya	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Frnsrn	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Kit Trio	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Joe Trio	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Hans Trio	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Guy Trio	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Fay Trio	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Erl Trio	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Wakpala	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Wakonda	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Wakaga	0.95
cultivar_candidate	Wahoya 'Wild	0.95
cultivar_candidate	S. D. Wendel	0.95
cultivar_candidate	S. D. Waldo	0.95
taxon_keyword	Pyrus baccata	0.70
taxon_keyword	Pyrus Malus Niedzwetzkyana	0.70
institution_candidate	South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station	0.60
institution_candidate	South Dakota State College	0.60
institution_candidate	South Dakota State University Agricultural Experiment Station	0.60
institution_candidate	Bulletins South Dakota State University	0.60
institution_candidate	South Dakota State University	0.60
taxon_keyword	ribes	0.65
taxon_keyword	prunus	0.65
taxon_keyword	pyrus	0.65
taxon_keyword	malus	0.65

Extracted Claims

Type	Claim	Confidence
figure_caption	Wiyuta: Wiyuta Wild Crabapple (Reduced in Size)	0.98
figure_caption	Wotanda: Wotanda Wild Crabapple (Reduced in Size)	0.98
figure_caption	Weto Ka: Wetonka Wild Crabapple (Reduced in Size)	0.98
figure_caption	Wamdesa: Wamdesa Wild Crabapple (Reduced in Size)	0.98
structured_entry_json	{"cultivar_name":"Dolgo","year":1917,"heading_raw":"DoLGO","locations":[],"crosses":[],"fruit_size_mentions":[],"color_mentions":["bright red","red"],"morphology_terms":[],"pedigre	0.95
verbatim_quote	Splendid for cider as well as jelly."	0.97
verbatim_quote	The tree is hardy, vigorous, and productive; the season early September	0.97
verbatim_quote	At Geneva, New York, the fruit is "full of juice, jellies easily, and makes a rich, ruby-red jelly of beautiful color and excellent flavor	0.97
verbatim_quote	In the 1940 List of Fruits recommended for planting by the Minnesota State Horticultural Society, the Dolgo crab is listed as a leading commercial variety for all parts of Minnesot	0.97
verbatim_quote	The one-year-old trees in the nursery are of strong grothw with wide spreading forks and strongly shouldered limbs that do not split down easily	0.97
verbatim_quote	The Dolgo is winning favor over a wide area for its freedom from fireblight and for its early and heavy bearing	0.97
verbatim_quote	The best one was named Dolgo (the Russian word for "long"), so named in recognition of the long conical, intensely bright red crabs about which many inquired at the annual exhibits	0.97
verbatim_quote	Dolgo was selected from a lot of one-year-old Pyrus baccata seedlings brought from Russia by the author in 1897	0.97
verbatim_quote	DoLGO crabapple-1917	0.97
release_year_reference	Dolgo: 1917	0.92
description_snippet	Dolgo: The tree is hardy, vigorous, and productive; the season early September.	0.54
description_snippet	Dolgo: At Geneva, New York, the fruit is "full of juice, jellies easily, and makes a rich, ruby-red jelly of beautiful color and excellent flavor.	0.54
culinary_use	Dolgo: juice, jellies easily, and makes a rich, ruby-red jelly of beautiful color and excellent flavor	0.56
productivity	Dolgo: productive; the season early September	0.56
flavor_profile	Dolgo: flavor	0.57
growth_habit	Dolgo: vigorous	0.52
growth_habit	Dolgo: spreading	0.52
selection_origin_reference	lot of one-year-old Pyrus baccata seedlings brought from Russia by the author	0.57
year_reference	1940	0.55
year_reference	1897	0.55
year_reference	1917	0.55
structured_entry_json	{"cultivar_name":"Checkpa Bush","year":1940,"heading_raw":"CHECKPA bush","locations":[],"crosses":[],"fruit_size_mentions":["1 inch","15/16 inches"],"color_mentions":[],"morphology	0.95
verbatim_quote	In other words, out of 100 pounds of fruit, only 3.92 pounds would be	0.97
verbatim_quote	The weight of 100 fruits was 418 grams and the percentage ratio of pit to fruit 3.92	0.97
verbatim_quote	The fruit in 1939 was black, almost one inch in diameter, exact size 15/16 inches	0.97
verbatim_quote	The largest and best so far	0.97
verbatim_quote	CHECKPA bush cherry-1940	0.97
release_year_reference	Checkpa Bush: 1940	0.92
fruit_size	Checkpa Bush: 16 inches	0.58
year_reference	1939	0.55
year_reference	1940	0.55
structured_entry_json	{"cultivar_name":"Wryuta","year":1939,"heading_raw":"WrYUTA wild","locations":["Nevis, Minnesota"],"crosses":[],"fruit_size_mentions":["2 1/2 inches","2 inches"],"color_mentions":[	0.95
verbatim_quote	Fruit 2 Yz inches across; 2 inches deep, round, slightly truncated, regular; much striped and marbled red over greenish yellow, cav-	0.97
verbatim_quote	Nevis, Minnesota, wild crab (Pyrus loensis) x Wolf River apple	0.97
verbatim_quote	WrYUTA wild crabapple-1939	0.97
entry_location	Wryuta: Nevis, Minnesota	0.90
release_year_reference	Wryuta: 1939	0.92
fruit_size	Wryuta: 2 inches	0.58
year_reference	1939	0.55
structured_entry_json	{"cultivar_name":"Amsrn","year":1932,"heading_raw":"AMsrn","locations":[],"crosses":["from Iowa x Pyrus baccata brought by the writer from Moscow","In 1939 in the State Orchard at	0.95
verbatim_quote	The round conical fruit was 1 13/16 inches across, bright solid red, striped and mixed red, with green cavity	0.97
verbatim_quote	In 1939 in the State Orchard at Sioux Falls the Amsib budded on Siberian crab stock, bore a good crop	0.97
verbatim_quote	Many more seedlings of similar pedigre � are coming on	0.97
verbatim_quote	More work should be done	0.97
verbatim_quote	This combination of one-half wild crab and one-half Siberian crab combines extreme hardiness with all-winter keeping, but the wild crab dominates in quality	0.97
verbatim_quote	The Amsib is an early bearer and very productive	0.97
verbatim_quote	It is only an ornamental tree at present, but it is the first hybrid of the native American apple with the Siberian crab and has possibilities for the future	0.97
verbatim_quote	Has fragrant wild crab flesh but neutral rather than bitter	0.97
verbatim_quote	The name "Amsib" is condensed from the names America and Siberia	0.97
verbatim_quote	Wild Red (Pyrus loens is) from Iowa x Pyrus baccata brought by the writer from Moscow, Russia, in 1906	0.97
verbatim_quote	AMsrn crabapple-1932	0.97
breeding_cross	Amsrn: striped and mi x ed red	0.90
breeding_cross	Amsrn: In 1939 in the State Orchard at Siou x Falls the Amsib budded on Siberian crab stock	0.90
breeding_cross	Amsrn: from Iowa x Pyrus baccata brought by the writer from Moscow	0.90
release_year_reference	Amsrn: 1932	0.92
description_snippet	Amsrn: The Amsib is an early bearer and very productive.	0.54
description_snippet	Amsrn: It is only an ornamental tree at present, but it is the first hybrid of the native American apple with the Siberian crab and has possibilities for the future.	0.54
ornamental_use	Amsrn: ornamental tree at present, but it is the first hybrid of the native American apple with the Siberian crab and has possibilities f	0.56
productivity	Amsrn: productive	0.56
storage_duration	Amsrn: keeping, but the wild crab dominates in quality	0.56
fruit_size	Amsrn: 16 inches	0.58
nursery_reference	State Orchard	0.58
breeding_cross	Amsrn: In 1939 in the State Orchard at Siou x Falls the Amsib budded on Siberian crab stock	0.65
breeding_cross	Amsrn: from Iowa x Pyrus baccata brought by the writer from Moscow	0.65
year_reference	1939	0.55
year_reference	1906	0.55
year_reference	1932	0.55
structured_entry_json	{"cultivar_name":"S. D. Macata","year":1938,"heading_raw":"S. D. MAcATA","locations":["Minneapolis, Minnesota","Nevis, Minnesota"],"crosses":["Mcintosh apple x Pyrus baccata","Agri	0.95
verbatim_quote	As far as can be determined the author has done more than any one else to improve this native American	0.97
verbatim_quote	In later years the main attention has been given to the Nevis wild crab (introduced 1930) Pyrus loensis, from the farthest northwestern point where it has been found native, Nevis,	0.97
verbatim_quote	It has been thought by many that it was impossible to improve the American wild crab, but the author has been working with this problem many years, and has produced many hybrids	0.97
verbatim_quote	Recent study in Sweden and England indicates triploid apples contain more vitamins than ordinary apples, and are higher in quality	0.97
verbatim_quote	Tetraploids make is possible to originate many triploid apples (51 chromosomes) by crossing tetraploids with any of the usual diploids (34 chromosomes)	0.97
verbatim_quote	The Kola and the other wild crab hybrids, such as Shoko, Zapta, and Tipi as pointed out in Bulletin 224, are all heavy annual bearers even in dry seasons	0.97
verbatim_quote	Lincoln, University of Maryland, shows that Tipi, Shoko, Zapta, and Elk River are all tetraploids; also, that Nevis is a diploid	0.97
verbatim_quote	Later research by Dr	0.97
verbatim_quote	Bernhard Nebel, Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, New York	0.97
verbatim_quote	This was first determined in 1928 by Dr	0.97
verbatim_quote	The Kola crabapple (South Dakota Station Bulletin 224) has become of great interest to cytologists and plant-breeders the world over, because it is the first known tetraploid among	0.97
verbatim_quote	Some undesirable characters are the small size of fruit and thorniness of tree	0.97
verbatim_quote	Other advantages are: annual bearing, early bearing, early ripening of wood, winter hardiness, late blooming	0.97
verbatim_quote	In fact, some people consider wild American apples a fair substitute for quinces in making pres�rves	0.97
verbatim_quote	However, the fruit will keep at least a year and is useful to impart a quincelike flavor to common apple sauce	0.97
verbatim_quote	The abundant fragrant pink and white blossoms in the spring make the trees of great value for lawn and park planting, while the fruit is too sour and astringent to tempt anyone	0.97
verbatim_quote	In the seedling plantations of this Station the wild crabapple from Elk River, some thirty miles northwest of Minneapolis, Minnesota, has proved hardy, productive, and practically	0.97
verbatim_quote	The chief hope in growing many thousands of apple and crabapple seedlings has been to tame the wild American crabapple enough so that the fruit would be desirable at least for culi	0.97
verbatim_quote	This 5erved to tone down the astringency	0.97
verbatim_quote	The Indians cached or stored the fruit outdoors in the earth over winter	0.97
verbatim_quote	Taming the American Wild Crabapple The wild crabapple was the only apple known to the Indians before the white man brought over the cultivated apple which is a native of the temper	0.97
verbatim_quote	Season late fall	0.97
verbatim_quote	Fruit 1 Yz inches across, 1 Ys inches deep	0.97
verbatim_quote	A brilliant polished red all over; flesh rich subacid, cooking up tender into a light colored pleasant flavored sauce	0.97
verbatim_quote	Mcintosh apple x Pyrus baccata	0.97
verbatim_quote	MAcATA crabapple-1938	0.97
breeding_cross	S. D. Macata: Agricultural E x periment Station	0.90
breeding_cross	S. D. Macata: Mcintosh apple x Pyrus baccata	0.90
entry_location	S. D. Macata: Nevis, Minnesota	0.90
entry_location	S. D. Macata: Minneapolis, Minnesota	0.90
release_year_reference	S. D. Macata: 1938	0.92
description_snippet	S. D. Macata: However, the fruit will keep at least a year and is useful to impart a quincelike flavor to common apple sauce.	0.54
description_snippet	S. D. Macata: In the seedling plantations of this Station the wild crabapple from Elk River, some thirty miles northwest of Minneapolis, Minnesota, has proved hardy, productive, an	0.54
culinary_use	S. D. Macata: cooking up tender into a light colored pleasant flavored sauce	0.56
productivity	S. D. Macata: productive, and practically immune to blight	0.56
ripening_window	S. D. Macata: ripening of wood, winter hardiness, late blooming	0.56
storage_duration	S. D. Macata: keep at least a year and is useful to impart a quincelike flavor to common apple sauce	0.56
flavor_profile	S. D. Macata: flavor to common apple sauce	0.57
fruit_size	S. D. Macata: 1 7/8 inches	0.58
release_year_reference	1930	0.68
institution_reference	University of Maryland	0.60
breeding_cross	S. D. Macata: Mcintosh apple x Pyrus baccata	0.65
year_reference	1930	0.55
year_reference	1928	0.55
year_reference	1938	0.55
structured_entry_json	{"cultivar_name":"Sioux Sand","year":1902,"heading_raw":"S10ux sand","locations":["Brooks, Alberta","Morden, Manitoba"],"crosses":["S10u x sand cherry-1902","R eport from the Domin	0.95
verbatim_quote	The best fruit is borne on the young wood, so that the leading shoots should be pruned back as needed to favor the production of an abundance of new shoots	0.97