Taxon ID: 1
Usage Facet: class=edible; edible_score=1.0; ornamental_score=0.0; inferred_from_taxon=yes
Relationships: 6 | Linked Entities (visible): 2 | Evidence claims: 94 | History events: 8 | Catalog issue offerings: 0
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Evidence Badge: supported | claims=94 | sources=10 | contradictions=0
Claim Types: description_snippet:11, recommendation_context:9, fruit_color:7, flavor_profile:6, fruit_size:5, recommendation_count_note:5, anecdote_snippet:4, breeder_reference:4, breeding_cross:4, selection_origin_reference:4, column_scope_context:3, culinary_use:3, productivity:3, storage_duration:3, growth_habit:2, hardiness_code_expansion:2, keeping_quality:2, source_reference_abbreviation:2, taxon_context:2, rootstock_compatibility:1, table_axis_context:1 | Open evidence summary JSON | Open citation drawer JSON
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Wealthy is a historic Minnesota apple. The fruit is medium to large and usually round to round conic. Its skin is greenish yellow, washed, blushed, or striped bright red. The flesh is white, crisp, tender, juicy, aromatic, and subacid. It was raised by Peter M. Gideon at Excelsior, Minnesota. Sources place its introduction in 1869, though one older account says the seed was received about 1861. Wealthy became one of the prairie standard apples. Later breeders and evaluators used it as a minimum benchmark for fruit size, color, and quality in new hardy seedlings. [S12] [S11] [S4] [S1] [S6]
Its origin is partly clear and partly disputed. Prairie and profile sources often say it came from open pollinated robusta or Cherry crab seed. Other index material lists the parentage as unknown. An early South Dakota account argues that a pure crab origin was doubtful for so good an apple in the first generation. That same discussion links the seed to Albert Emerson of Bangor, Maine, and suggests the pollen parent may have been a common apple, perhaps Fameuse or something similar. [S12] [S11] [S4] [S5]
The fruit was widely praised for fresh use and cooking. Sources describe it as good quality, agreeable, aromatic, and very juicy, and suitable for fresh eating, dessert, and cooking. Season is usually given as October to January. Some summaries say it keeps to December or stores well for about twelve weeks. Table data from the prairie index simplifies it as an early processing apple, which likely reflects a coded descriptor system rather than the fuller descriptive tradition. [S12] [S11] [S4]
The tree is usually described as moderately vigorous and small to medium in size, with a roundish or spreading habit. It bears early, heavily, and often alternates, so thinning was recommended. At Morden it was noted as productive, especially in alternate years. Some reports also note drawbacks: susceptibility to biennial bearing, some blight in South Dakota observations, intolerance to chlorosis, and variable performance depending on site and stock. [S12] [S11] [S3] [S7]
Hardiness is the most regional part of the record. Wealthy was recommended broadly for South Dakota home orchards and appears repeatedly in district and zone planting lists, including the northern two thirds of the state. Grower reports from parts of South Dakota describe it as productive and highly worthwhile, with trees bending under heavy crops. But other prairie sources judged it too tender for general planting, and one profile places it only in well protected sites in zone 3 and 2b unless helped by hardy stock and interstem. The historical pattern suggests a cultivar valued across the northern plains, but not equally reliable in the coldest exposed prairie sites. [S2] [S7] [S3] [S12]
Wealthy also matters as breeding material. It appears as a parent or benchmark throughout prairie breeding history, was used in Prairie Fruit Breeding Project crosses, and later contributed to University of Saskatchewan breeding ancestry. It is also named as a probable parent of Haralson in modern genetic interpretation. This broader lineage helps explain its long importance. Wealthy was not just a successful orchard apple, but one of the main building blocks in cold climate apple improvement. [S10] [S8] [S9] [S1]
Older sources preserve some detail around the name. Hansen called it an enduring monument to Gideon after years of difficult seedling work. Later records mention a red sport, the Reddie strain, offered by Lacombe Nurseries in 1936 and reportedly still in commerce in 1991. [S5] [S12]
Summary source basis
This summary currently draws chiefly from A Study of Northwestern Apples, with 12 additional supporting sources linked below.
Featured source descriptions
“The narrative implies that an apple with long winter-keeping quality might justify a slightly lower standard than ‘Wealthy’.”
— [4]
“Lacombe Russet (1936) offered a good red sport.”
— [4]
“Biennial bearing, so should be thinned.”
— [4]
“Crisp and juicy.”
— [4]
Direct parent cultivars
Parentage claim text
Source-story quotations
Taxonomy context: No family-tree context surfaced yet.
Related cultivars mentioned in source context
Zone assertions are structured rows. Hardiness claim text appears in evidence claims and page-linked citations.
| Zone Min | Zone Max | Zone Text | Assertion Type | Outcome | Location | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ZONE III All Rest and Northern two-thirds of State | recommendation_table | recommended | FALL APPLES | 0.84 | ||
| ZONE II Counties in Minne-sota that have North Slopes & Valleys of General Prairie | recommendation_table | recommended | FALL APPLES | 0.84 | ||
| ZONE I Southern Border, Lincoln Co., West & lower Valleys around Black Hills | recommendation_table | recommended | FALL APPLES | 0.84 |
No linked media assets.
| Document | Title/URL | Rights | Claims | Relationships | History Events | Pages | Snippets |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14 | A Study of Northwestern Apples | unknown | 25 | 0 | 0 | p7 p15 p17 p18 p113 p114 p142 | Flesh white, often with red staining; cells round.; Wyman Elliott of Minneapolis, Minnesota, is cited as a knowledgeable correspondent on Wealthy seedling origin.; Seedling-origin inference includes Albert Emerson, Bango |
| 103 | PERENNIALS - The Northwest Nursery Co. | unknown | 19 | 0 | 0 | p10 p11 p12 | No apple is more handsome, either on the table or the tree.; The Wealthy is described as hardy and as the nursery's finest apple.; Linked to successful bearing in Nome, Sanborn, and Valley City, and compared with Minneso |
| 2 | South Dakota Fruit Garden (visual sample pages 9-11) | public_domain | 13 | 0 | 0 | p1 | Anisim (2); Wealthy (1); ZONE III All Rest and Northern two-thirds of State; {"column_label": "ZONE III All Rest and Northern two-thirds of State", "cultivar_name": "Wealthy", "notes": ["Wealthy (1)", "Anisim (2)", "Joan |
| 3 | Edible Apples in Prairie Canada | unknown | 13 | 0 | 0 | p73 | Listed as a standard apple (standard apple, fruit 5 cm diameter or more).; Commercially sold under the name Still but later judged incorrect; Coutts notes 'Too tender,' and Erskine once recommended it but later found it |
| 105 | Hardy fruits for Northern planting, trees, shrubs, 1937 | unknown | 8 | 0 | 0 | p3 p6 | Season is given as September to January.; The text says Wealthy has made more money for Minnesota apple growers than any variety grown.; It has been the leading commercial apple in the south half of Minnesota.; It has ju |
| 106 | Daniels planting guide, 1950 | unknown | 8 | 0 | 0 | p21 p22 | Used in a grafted combination tree bearing multiple apple varieties on one tree.; Listed as one of the 'best varieties' selected for Daniels 'Vest Pocket Orchard' apple trees.; The text states that in spite of fine newer |
| 109 | University of Saskatchewan fruit introductions 1959-1960 | unknown | 2 | 2 | 4 | n/a | Beauty Blush Elsa x Wealthy; Winter Queen Osman x Wealthy; relationship: cross_parent; history: Columbia x Wealthy |
| 139 | Planting time, 1950 / Alpha Nursery | unknown | 4 | 0 | 0 | p7 | Tree described as a good grower and productive.; Flesh described as white, fine, juicy, sub-acid, and very good quality.; Fruit described as nearly covered with dark red.; Described as large, roundish, and smooth. |
| 26 | Anderson | unknown | 1 | 1 | 1 | n/a | Columbia x Wealthy; relationship: cross_parent; history: Columbia x Wealthy |
| 87 | Winter Queen | unknown | 1 | 1 | 1 | n/a | Osman x Wealthy; relationship: cross_parent; history: Osman x Wealthy |
| 30 | Brightness | unknown | 0 | 1 | 1 | n/a | relationship: cross_parent; history: Columbia x Wealthy |
| 70 | Prolific | unknown | 0 | 1 | 1 | n/a | relationship: cross_parent; history: Columbia x Wealthy |
| Document | Page | Claim Type | Claim | Quote | Match |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 139 | p7 | productivity | Tree described as a good grower and productive. | WEALTHY—Large, roundish, smooth, nearly covered with dark red; flesh white, fine, juicy, sub-acid; quality very good; good grower and productive. October. | page_block:0.90 |
| 139 | p7 | flavor_profile | Flesh described as white, fine, juicy, sub-acid, and very good quality. | WEALTHY—Large, roundish, smooth, nearly covered with dark red; flesh white, fine, juicy, sub-acid; quality very good; good grower and productive. October. | page_block:0.90 |
| 139 | p7 | fruit_color | Fruit described as nearly covered with dark red. | WEALTHY—Large, roundish, smooth, nearly covered with dark red; flesh white, fine, juicy, sub-acid; quality very good; good grower and productive. October. | page_block:0.90 |
| 139 | p7 | fruit_size | Described as large, roundish, and smooth. | WEALTHY—Large, roundish, smooth, nearly covered with dark red; flesh white, fine, juicy, sub-acid; quality very good; good grower and productive. October. | page_block:0.90 |
| 105 | p6 | storage_duration | Season is given as September to January. | Wealthy Few apples that we can grow excel the Wealthy in quality and appearance. | page_block:0.90 |
| 105 | p6 | productivity | The text says Wealthy has made more money for Minnesota apple growers than any variety grown. | Wealthy Few apples that we can grow excel the Wealthy in quality and appearance. | page_block:0.90 |
| 105 | p6 | recommendation_context | It has been the leading commercial apple in the south half of Minnesota. | Wealthy Few apples that we can grow excel the Wealthy in quality and appearance. | page_block:0.90 |
| 105 | p6 | flavor_profile | It has juicy, sprightly flavor. | Wealthy Few apples that we can grow excel the Wealthy in quality and appearance. | page_block:0.90 |
| 105 | p6 | fruit_size | Fruit is described as large. | Wealthy Few apples that we can grow excel the Wealthy in quality and appearance. | page_block:0.90 |
| 105 | p6 | fruit_color | Fruit is described as bright red over most of the surface. | Wealthy Few apples that we can grow excel the Wealthy in quality and appearance. | page_block:0.90 |
| 105 | p6 | flavor_profile | It is said that few apples grown there excel Wealthy in quality and appearance. | Wealthy Few apples that we can grow excel the Wealthy in quality and appearance. | page_block:0.90 |
| 105 | p3 | recommendation_context | Included in the 12-tree Model Home Orchard assortment with 1 tree. | 1 Wealthy Apple | page_block:0.90 |
| 103 | p12 | description_snippet | No apple is more handsome, either on the table or the tree. | There is always a ready market everywhere for the Wealthy... The Wealthy promises to make the fame of North Dakota as a fruit state in the same way it has the fame of Minnesota. Remember, the Wealthy is hardy and is our | page_block:0.90 |
| 103 | p12 | entry_hardiness_observation | The Wealthy is described as hardy and as the nursery's finest apple. | There is always a ready market everywhere for the Wealthy... The Wealthy promises to make the fame of North Dakota as a fruit state in the same way it has the fame of Minnesota. Remember, the Wealthy is hardy and is our | page_block:0.90 |
| 103 | p12 | entry_location | Linked to successful bearing in Nome, Sanborn, and Valley City, and compared with Minnesota fame. | There is always a ready market everywhere for the Wealthy... The Wealthy promises to make the fame of North Dakota as a fruit state in the same way it has the fame of Minnesota. Remember, the Wealthy is hardy and is our | page_block:0.90 |
| 103 | p12 | anecdote_snippet | Carl Miller of Nome, Martin Jacobs of Sanborn, and J. H. Whitcher of Valley City are said to have splendid Wealthy apples bearing fine crops for years. | There is always a ready market everywhere for the Wealthy... The Wealthy promises to make the fame of North Dakota as a fruit state in the same way it has the fame of Minnesota. Remember, the Wealthy is hardy and is our | page_block:0.90 |
| 103 | p12 | recommendation_context | Described as having a ready market everywhere. | There is always a ready market everywhere for the Wealthy... The Wealthy promises to make the fame of North Dakota as a fruit state in the same way it has the fame of Minnesota. Remember, the Wealthy is hardy and is our | page_block:0.90 |
| 103 | p12 | culinary_use | Considered a fine dessert and cooking apple. | There is always a ready market everywhere for the Wealthy... The Wealthy promises to make the fame of North Dakota as a fruit state in the same way it has the fame of Minnesota. Remember, the Wealthy is hardy and is our | page_block:0.90 |
| 103 | p12 | flavor_profile | Flesh is white, often stained with red like the snow apple; sub-acid, tender, and juicy. | There is always a ready market everywhere for the Wealthy... The Wealthy promises to make the fame of North Dakota as a fruit state in the same way it has the fame of Minnesota. Remember, the Wealthy is hardy and is our | page_block:0.90 |
| 103 | p12 | fruit_color | Fruit has lighter red stripes. | There is always a ready market everywhere for the Wealthy... The Wealthy promises to make the fame of North Dakota as a fruit state in the same way it has the fame of Minnesota. Remember, the Wealthy is hardy and is our | page_block:0.90 |
| 103 | p11 | fruit_color | Color deep red. | WEALTHY—The finest apple in the Northwest. This tree has brought fame to the originator, Peter Gideon, of Minnesota. | page_block:0.90 |
| 103 | p11 | fruit_size | Fruit large and very smooth. | WEALTHY—The finest apple in the Northwest. This tree has brought fame to the originator, Peter Gideon, of Minnesota. | page_block:0.90 |
| 103 | p11 | storage_duration | Season, October to March. | WEALTHY—The finest apple in the Northwest. This tree has brought fame to the originator, Peter Gideon, of Minnesota. | page_block:0.90 |
| 103 | p11 | description_snippet | It has won the finest prizes for Minnesota at the National Apple Show. | WEALTHY—The finest apple in the Northwest. This tree has brought fame to the originator, Peter Gideon, of Minnesota. | page_block:0.90 |
| 103 | p11 | recommendation_context | It is now being planted in New York and New England. | WEALTHY—The finest apple in the Northwest. This tree has brought fame to the originator, Peter Gideon, of Minnesota. | page_block:0.90 |
| 103 | p11 | breeder_reference | This tree has brought fame to the originator, Peter Gideon, of Minnesota. | WEALTHY—The finest apple in the Northwest. This tree has brought fame to the originator, Peter Gideon, of Minnesota. | page_block:0.90 |
| 103 | p11 | description_snippet | Described as the finest apple in the Northwest. | WEALTHY—The finest apple in the Northwest. This tree has brought fame to the originator, Peter Gideon, of Minnesota. | page_block:0.90 |
| 103 | p10 | description_snippet | Described as fine quality and bearing early. | Peter Gideon developed the Wealthy and gave the Northwest a hardy apple, fine quality and one that bears early. | page_block:0.90 |
| 103 | p10 | entry_hardiness_observation | Presented as a hardy apple for the Northwest. | Peter Gideon developed the Wealthy and gave the Northwest a hardy apple, fine quality and one that bears early. | page_block:0.90 |
| 103 | p10 | taxon_context | Identified as an apple. | Peter Gideon developed the Wealthy and gave the Northwest a hardy apple, fine quality and one that bears early. | page_block:0.90 |
| 103 | p10 | breeder_reference | Developed by Peter Gideon. | Peter Gideon developed the Wealthy and gave the Northwest a hardy apple, fine quality and one that bears early. | page_block:0.90 |
| 14 | p142 | fruit_color | Flesh white, often with red staining; cells round. | Flesh white, often stained with red; cells round ... Wealthy | page_block:0.90 |
| 14 | p114 | breeder_reference | Wyman Elliott of Minneapolis, Minnesota, is cited as a knowledgeable correspondent on Wealthy seedling origin. | with bright crimson splashes and stripes, marbled, mottled and mixed on sunny side... flesh white, often stained with red, tender, very juicy, sprightly subacid, very good. October to February. Mr. Gideon planted some Ch | page_block:0.90 |
| 14 | p114 | selection_origin_reference | Seedling-origin inference includes Albert Emerson, Bangor, Maine, and observations from Minnesota horticulturists and orchard context. | with bright crimson splashes and stripes, marbled, mottled and mixed on sunny side... flesh white, often stained with red, tender, very juicy, sprightly subacid, very good. October to February. Mr. Gideon planted some Ch | page_block:0.90 |
| 14 | p114 | entry_pedigree | Noted that in experiments where Wealthy seedlings were raised near many crabs and hybrids, seedlings often showed a large percentage of crab mixture. | with bright crimson splashes and stripes, marbled, mottled and mixed on sunny side... flesh white, often stained with red, tender, very juicy, sprightly subacid, very good. October to February. Mr. Gideon planted some Ch | page_block:0.90 |
| 14 | p114 | entry_pedigree | Wyman Elliott suggests the apple seed source was likely 1861 from Albert Emerson (Bangor, Maine), with uncertain derivation; possibly from Pyrus baccata or P. Malus, and perhaps a | with bright crimson splashes and stripes, marbled, mottled and mixed on sunny side... flesh white, often stained with red, tender, very juicy, sprightly subacid, very good. October to February. Mr. Gideon planted some Ch | page_block:0.90 |
| 14 | p114 | anecdote_snippet | Mr. Gideon associated Wealthy with seedlings from Cherry crab seed, but the text states this is generally not accepted and calls the parentage claim unlikely. | with bright crimson splashes and stripes, marbled, mottled and mixed on sunny side... flesh white, often stained with red, tender, very juicy, sprightly subacid, very good. October to February. Mr. Gideon planted some Ch | page_block:0.90 |
| 14 | p114 | storage_duration | Holding period stated as October to February. | with bright crimson splashes and stripes, marbled, mottled and mixed on sunny side... flesh white, often stained with red, tender, very juicy, sprightly subacid, very good. October to February. Mr. Gideon planted some Ch | page_block:0.90 |
| 14 | p114 | keeping_quality | Described as 'very good' quality for use during the stated season. | with bright crimson splashes and stripes, marbled, mottled and mixed on sunny side... flesh white, often stained with red, tender, very juicy, sprightly subacid, very good. October to February. Mr. Gideon planted some Ch | page_block:0.90 |
| 14 | p114 | flavor_profile | Flesh is white, often with red staining, tender, very juicy, and sprightly subacid in flavor. | with bright crimson splashes and stripes, marbled, mottled and mixed on sunny side... flesh white, often stained with red, tender, very juicy, sprightly subacid, very good. October to February. Mr. Gideon planted some Ch | page_block:0.90 |
| 14 | p114 | description_snippet | Fruit described as deeply shaped and attractive with marbled red striping; cavity deep and acute; stems medium; calyx partially closed with erect convergent segments. | with bright crimson splashes and stripes, marbled, mottled and mixed on sunny side... flesh white, often stained with red, tender, very juicy, sprightly subacid, very good. October to February. Mr. Gideon planted some Ch | page_block:0.90 |
| 14 | p113 | anecdote_snippet | Anecdotal note emphasizes the originator’s persistence in raising many thousands of apple and crab seedlings under discouraging conditions. | Wealthy-Originated about 18?r, from seed obtained from Bangor, Maine, by the late Peter M. Gideon, Excelsior, Minnesota. This one variety is an enduring monument for its originator, who persevered in raising many thousan | page_block:0.90 |
| 14 | p113 | description_snippet | Fruit surface is smooth and light yellow and almost wholly covered (scanned text truncates afterward). | Wealthy-Originated about 18?r, from seed obtained from Bangor, Maine, by the late Peter M. Gideon, Excelsior, Minnesota. This one variety is an enduring monument for its originator, who persevered in raising many thousan | page_block:0.90 |
| 14 | p113 | fruit_size | Fruit described as above medium to large, roundish-oblate, and very regular. | Wealthy-Originated about 18?r, from seed obtained from Bangor, Maine, by the late Peter M. Gideon, Excelsior, Minnesota. This one variety is an enduring monument for its originator, who persevered in raising many thousan | page_block:0.90 |
| 14 | p113 | productivity | Reported as having many descendant seedlings ("many seedlings of Wealthy"). | Wealthy-Originated about 18?r, from seed obtained from Bangor, Maine, by the late Peter M. Gideon, Excelsior, Minnesota. This one variety is an enduring monument for its originator, who persevered in raising many thousan | page_block:0.90 |
| 14 | p113 | growth_habit | Tree is vigorous, spreading, and very productive. | Wealthy-Originated about 18?r, from seed obtained from Bangor, Maine, by the late Peter M. Gideon, Excelsior, Minnesota. This one variety is an enduring monument for its originator, who persevered in raising many thousan | page_block:0.90 |
| 14 | p113 | selection_origin_reference | Origin is attributed to seed obtained in Bangor, Maine, by the late Peter M. Gideon of Excelsior, Minnesota, with year OCR-captured only as about "18?r" (uncertain numeric OCR). | Wealthy-Originated about 18?r, from seed obtained from Bangor, Maine, by the late Peter M. Gideon, Excelsior, Minnesota. This one variety is an enduring monument for its originator, who persevered in raising many thousan | page_block:0.90 |
| 14 | p18 | entry_location | District 12, apple recommendation line. | District No. 12—Duchess, Tetofsky, Wealthy, Ralls Genet, Prices Sweet, Patten Greening, Northwestern Greening. | page_block:0.90 |
| 14 | p18 | recommendation_context | Recommended for District 12 in the APPLES list. | District No. 12—Duchess, Tetofsky, Wealthy, Ralls Genet, Prices Sweet, Patten Greening, Northwestern Greening. | page_block:0.90 |
| 14 | p17 | hardiness_code_expansion | Placed in second-degree hardiness for Districts 5 and 9 (vs. first-degree list containing Hibernal/Duchess/Charlamoff), indicating lower relative rank there. | Districts Nos. 2, 3, 4—For trial: Hibernal, Duchess, Charlamoff, Wealthy. ... District No. 6—Hibernal, Duchess, Charlamoff, Wealthy, ... ... District No. 7—Duchess, Charlamoff, Wealthy, Hibernal ... ... District No. 8—Hi | page_block:0.90 |
| 14 | p17 | recommendation_context | Recommended in Districts 2, 3, 4 and Districts 6, 7, 8; appears in second-degree hardiness category for Districts 5 and 9. | Districts Nos. 2, 3, 4—For trial: Hibernal, Duchess, Charlamoff, Wealthy. ... District No. 6—Hibernal, Duchess, Charlamoff, Wealthy, ... ... District No. 7—Duchess, Charlamoff, Wealthy, Hibernal ... ... District No. 8—Hi | page_block:0.90 |
| 14 | p15 | anecdote_snippet | Remarks on this variability were discussed at Minnesota State Horticultural Society; original grower distributed sprouts from an original tree. | Large number of seedlings of Wealthy have recently appeared ... The Wealthy apple has apparently varied somewhat under propagation. | page_block:0.90 |
| 14 | p15 | selection_origin_reference | Observed by peers as having varied somewhat under propagation. | Large number of seedlings of Wealthy have recently appeared ... The Wealthy apple has apparently varied somewhat under propagation. | page_block:0.90 |
| 14 | p15 | description_snippet | Observed to produce many seedlings resembling the variety. | Large number of seedlings of Wealthy have recently appeared ... The Wealthy apple has apparently varied somewhat under propagation. | page_block:0.90 |
| 14 | p7 | source_reference_abbreviation | No explicit source abbreviation is used for Wealthy in this page; the cultivar name appears as a direct comparison standard. | equal in size, quality and appearance to Wealthy | page_block:0.90 |
| 14 | p7 | description_snippet | Wealthy is used as a visual and horticultural benchmark in the breeding objective for hardy apple development. | equal in size, quality and appearance to Wealthy | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p73 | description_snippet | Listed as a standard apple (standard apple, fruit 5 cm diameter or more). | Wealthy (op robusta) Peter Gideon, Excelsior (c.1869) ST | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p73 | selection_origin_reference | Commercially sold under the name Still but later judged incorrect; Coutts notes 'Too tender,' and Erskine once recommended it but later found it too tender for general planting. | Wealthy (op robusta) Peter Gideon, Excelsior (c.1869) ST | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p73 | source_reference_abbreviation | Reference notes mention Lacombe Russet (1936) and offered a good red sport. | Wealthy (op robusta) Peter Gideon, Excelsior (c.1869) ST | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p73 | rootstock_compatibility | Red interns. Hadow to Algoma being grafted onto hardy rootstock and interstem. | Wealthy (op robusta) Peter Gideon, Excelsior (c.1869) ST | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p73 | entry_hardiness_observation | Biennial bearing noted, and should be thinned; not tolerant to chlorosis. | Wealthy (op robusta) Peter Gideon, Excelsior (c.1869) ST | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p73 | growth_habit | Small tree; bears early and heavily. | Wealthy (op robusta) Peter Gideon, Excelsior (c.1869) ST | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p73 | keeping_quality | Keeps to December. | Wealthy (op robusta) Peter Gideon, Excelsior (c.1869) ST | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p73 | culinary_use | Described as crisp and juicy for dessert and cooking. | Wealthy (op robusta) Peter Gideon, Excelsior (c.1869) ST | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p73 | fruit_color | Cream yellow with scarlet flush. | Wealthy (op robusta) Peter Gideon, Excelsior (c.1869) ST | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p73 | fruit_size | Fruit 5 cm diameter. | Wealthy (op robusta) Peter Gideon, Excelsior (c.1869) ST | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p73 | hardiness_code_expansion | ST indicates a standard apple with fruit 5 cm diameter or more. | Wealthy (op robusta) Peter Gideon, Excelsior (c.1869) ST | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p73 | breeder_reference | Associated with Peter Gideon at Excelsior, circa 1869. | Wealthy (op robusta) Peter Gideon, Excelsior (c.1869) ST | page_block:0.90 |
| 3 | p73 | entry_pedigree | Listed as open-pollinated robusta parentage. | Wealthy (op robusta) Peter Gideon, Excelsior (c.1869) ST | page_block:0.90 |
| 106 | p22 | description_snippet | Used in a grafted combination tree bearing multiple apple varieties on one tree. | We have used only the best varieties as Fireside, Minjon, Wealthy, Haralson, Dolgo, Daniels Red Duchess, McIntosh and Erickson. | page_block:0.90 |
| 106 | p22 | recommendation_context | Listed as one of the 'best varieties' selected for Daniels 'Vest Pocket Orchard' apple trees. | We have used only the best varieties as Fireside, Minjon, Wealthy, Haralson, Dolgo, Daniels Red Duchess, McIntosh and Erickson. | page_block:0.90 |
| 106 | p21 | recommendation_context | The text states that in spite of fine newer varieties, Wealthy retains its popularity and will be largely planted for years to come. | Wealthy Minnesota's Most Famous Apple | page_block:0.90 |
| 106 | p21 | flavor_profile | Described as having crisp, white, juicy flesh and sprightly flavor. | Wealthy Minnesota's Most Famous Apple | page_block:0.90 |
| 106 | p21 | fruit_color | Its appetizing red appearance is specifically praised. | Wealthy Minnesota's Most Famous Apple | page_block:0.90 |
| 106 | p21 | culinary_use | The entry says probably no eating apple is more popular and more loved than Wealthy. | Wealthy Minnesota's Most Famous Apple | page_block:0.90 |
| 106 | p21 | description_snippet | Described as the old favorite fall apple of corn and pumpkin time. | Wealthy Minnesota's Most Famous Apple | page_block:0.90 |
| 106 | p21 | recommendation_context | Presented as Minnesota's most famous apple. | Wealthy Minnesota's Most Famous Apple | page_block:0.90 |
| 2 | p1 | recommendation_count_note | Anisim (2) | Wealthy Anisim (2) | visual_page_probe:0.90 |
| 2 | p1 | recommendation_count_note | Wealthy (1) | Wealthy Wealthy (1) | visual_page_probe:0.90 |
| 2 | p1 | column_scope_context | ZONE III All Rest and Northern two-thirds of State | FALL APPLES | Main Crop | ZONE III All Rest and Northern two-thirds of State | Wealthy | visual_page_probe:0.90 |
| 2 | p1 | taxon_context | FALL APPLES | FALL APPLES | Main Crop | ZONE III All Rest and Northern two-thirds of State | Wealthy | visual_page_probe:0.90 |
| 2 | p1 | table_axis_context | Main Crop | FALL APPLES | Main Crop | ZONE III All Rest and Northern two-thirds of State | Wealthy | visual_page_probe:0.90 |
| 2 | p1 | structured_entry_json | {"column_label": "ZONE III All Rest and Northern two-thirds of State", "cultivar_name": "Wealthy", "notes": ["Wealthy (1)", "Anisim (2)", "Joan (1)"], "page_number": 1, "parser_mod | FALL APPLES | Main Crop | ZONE III All Rest and Northern two-thirds of State | Wealthy | visual_page_probe:0.90 |
| 2 | p1 | column_scope_context | ZONE II Counties in Minne-sota that have North Slopes & Valleys of General Prairie | FALL APPLES | Main Crop | ZONE II Counties in Minne-sota that have North Slopes & Valleys of General Prairie | Wealthy | visual_page_probe:0.90 |
| 2 | p1 | taxon_context | FALL APPLES | FALL APPLES | Main Crop | ZONE II Counties in Minne-sota that have North Slopes & Valleys of General Prairie | Wealthy | visual_page_probe:0.90 |
| 2 | p1 | table_axis_context | Main Crop | FALL APPLES | Main Crop | ZONE II Counties in Minne-sota that have North Slopes & Valleys of General Prairie | Wealthy | visual_page_probe:0.90 |
| 2 | p1 | structured_entry_json | {"column_label": "ZONE II Counties in Minne-sota that have North Slopes & Valleys of General Prairie", "cultivar_name": "Wealthy", "notes": ["Wealthy (2)", "Anisim (1)", "Joan (1)" | FALL APPLES | Main Crop | ZONE II Counties in Minne-sota that have North Slopes & Valleys of General Prairie | Wealthy | visual_page_probe:0.90 |
| 2 | p1 | recommendation_count_note | Joan (1) | Wealthy Joan (1) | visual_page_probe:0.90 |
| 2 | p1 | recommendation_count_note | Anisim (1) | Wealthy Anisim (1) | visual_page_probe:0.90 |
| 2 | p1 | recommendation_count_note | Wealthy (2) | Wealthy Wealthy (2) | visual_page_probe:0.90 |
| 2 | p1 | column_scope_context | ZONE I Southern Border, Lincoln Co., West & lower Valleys around Black Hills | FALL APPLES | Main Crop | ZONE I Southern Border, Lincoln Co., West & lower Valleys around Black Hills | Wealthy | visual_page_probe:0.90 |
| 2 | p1 | taxon_context | FALL APPLES | FALL APPLES | Main Crop | ZONE I Southern Border, Lincoln Co., West & lower Valleys around Black Hills | Wealthy | visual_page_probe:0.90 |
| 2 | p1 | table_axis_context | Main Crop | FALL APPLES | Main Crop | ZONE I Southern Border, Lincoln Co., West & lower Valleys around Black Hills | Wealthy | visual_page_probe:0.90 |
| 2 | p1 | structured_entry_json | {"column_label": "ZONE I Southern Border, Lincoln Co., West & lower Valleys around Black Hills", "cultivar_name": "Wealthy", "notes": ["Wealthy (2)", "Anisim (1)", "Joan (1)"], "pa | FALL APPLES | Main Crop | ZONE I Southern Border, Lincoln Co., West & lower Valleys around Black Hills | Wealthy | visual_page_probe:0.90 |
| Year | Nursery | Catalog Issue | Relation |
|---|---|---|---|
| No catalog issue offerings linked. | |||
| Relation | Type | ID | Label |
|---|---|---|---|
| cross_parent | cultivar | 219 | Columbia |
| cross_parent | cultivar | 252 | Osman |
| Type | Claim | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| productivity | Tree described as a good grower and productive. | 0.95 |
| flavor_profile | Flesh described as white, fine, juicy, sub-acid, and very good quality. | 0.95 |
| fruit_color | Fruit described as nearly covered with dark red. | 0.95 |
| fruit_size | Described as large, roundish, and smooth. | 0.95 |
| storage_duration | Season is given as September to January. | 0.95 |
| productivity | The text says Wealthy has made more money for Minnesota apple growers than any variety grown. | 0.87 |
| recommendation_context | It has been the leading commercial apple in the south half of Minnesota. | 0.94 |
| flavor_profile | It has juicy, sprightly flavor. | 0.96 |
| fruit_size | Fruit is described as large. | 0.90 |
| fruit_color | Fruit is described as bright red over most of the surface. | 0.96 |
| flavor_profile | It is said that few apples grown there excel Wealthy in quality and appearance. | 0.92 |
| recommendation_context | Included in the 12-tree Model Home Orchard assortment with 1 tree. | 0.93 |
| description_snippet | No apple is more handsome, either on the table or the tree. | 0.83 |
| entry_hardiness_observation | The Wealthy is described as hardy and as the nursery's finest apple. | 0.94 |
| entry_location | Linked to successful bearing in Nome, Sanborn, and Valley City, and compared with Minnesota fame. | 0.77 |
| anecdote_snippet | Carl Miller of Nome, Martin Jacobs of Sanborn, and J. H. Whitcher of Valley City are said to have splendid Wealthy apples bearing fine crops for years. | 0.85 |
| recommendation_context | Described as having a ready market everywhere. | 0.88 |
| culinary_use | Considered a fine dessert and cooking apple. | 0.92 |
| flavor_profile | Flesh is white, often stained with red like the snow apple; sub-acid, tender, and juicy. | 0.84 |
| fruit_color | Fruit has lighter red stripes. | 0.68 |
| fruit_color | Color deep red. | 0.89 |
| fruit_size | Fruit large and very smooth. | 0.93 |
| storage_duration | Season, October to March. | 0.94 |
| description_snippet | It has won the finest prizes for Minnesota at the National Apple Show. | 0.88 |
| recommendation_context | It is now being planted in New York and New England. | 0.83 |
| breeder_reference | This tree has brought fame to the originator, Peter Gideon, of Minnesota. | 0.95 |
| description_snippet | Described as the finest apple in the Northwest. | 0.92 |
| description_snippet | Described as fine quality and bearing early. | 0.98 |
| entry_hardiness_observation | Presented as a hardy apple for the Northwest. | 0.98 |
| taxon_context | Identified as an apple. | 0.99 |
| breeder_reference | Developed by Peter Gideon. | 0.99 |
| fruit_color | Flesh white, often with red staining; cells round. | 0.95 |
| breeder_reference | Wyman Elliott of Minneapolis, Minnesota, is cited as a knowledgeable correspondent on Wealthy seedling origin. | 0.93 |
| selection_origin_reference | Seedling-origin inference includes Albert Emerson, Bangor, Maine, and observations from Minnesota horticulturists and orchard context. | 0.81 |
| entry_pedigree | Noted that in experiments where Wealthy seedlings were raised near many crabs and hybrids, seedlings often showed a large percentage of crab mixture. | 0.87 |
| entry_pedigree | Wyman Elliott suggests the apple seed source was likely 1861 from Albert Emerson (Bangor, Maine), with uncertain derivation; possibly from Pyrus baccata or P. Malus, and perhaps a cross involving Fameuse or type. | 0.84 |
| anecdote_snippet | Mr. Gideon associated Wealthy with seedlings from Cherry crab seed, but the text states this is generally not accepted and calls the parentage claim unlikely. | 0.90 |
| storage_duration | Holding period stated as October to February. | 0.93 |
| keeping_quality | Described as 'very good' quality for use during the stated season. | 0.84 |
| flavor_profile | Flesh is white, often with red staining, tender, very juicy, and sprightly subacid in flavor. | 0.90 |
| description_snippet | Fruit described as deeply shaped and attractive with marbled red striping; cavity deep and acute; stems medium; calyx partially closed with erect convergent segments. | 0.92 |
| anecdote_snippet | Anecdotal note emphasizes the originator’s persistence in raising many thousands of apple and crab seedlings under discouraging conditions. | 0.91 |
| description_snippet | Fruit surface is smooth and light yellow and almost wholly covered (scanned text truncates afterward). | 0.78 |
| fruit_size | Fruit described as above medium to large, roundish-oblate, and very regular. | 0.91 |
| productivity | Reported as having many descendant seedlings ("many seedlings of Wealthy"). | 0.85 |
| growth_habit | Tree is vigorous, spreading, and very productive. | 0.93 |
| selection_origin_reference | Origin is attributed to seed obtained in Bangor, Maine, by the late Peter M. Gideon of Excelsior, Minnesota, with year OCR-captured only as about "18?r" (uncertain numeric OCR). | 0.82 |
| entry_location | District 12, apple recommendation line. | 0.96 |
| recommendation_context | Recommended for District 12 in the APPLES list. | 0.98 |
| hardiness_code_expansion | Placed in second-degree hardiness for Districts 5 and 9 (vs. first-degree list containing Hibernal/Duchess/Charlamoff), indicating lower relative rank there. | 0.93 |
| recommendation_context | Recommended in Districts 2, 3, 4 and Districts 6, 7, 8; appears in second-degree hardiness category for Districts 5 and 9. | 0.98 |
| anecdote_snippet | Remarks on this variability were discussed at Minnesota State Horticultural Society; original grower distributed sprouts from an original tree. | 0.90 |
| selection_origin_reference | Observed by peers as having varied somewhat under propagation. | 0.94 |
| description_snippet | Observed to produce many seedlings resembling the variety. | 0.97 |
| source_reference_abbreviation | No explicit source abbreviation is used for Wealthy in this page; the cultivar name appears as a direct comparison standard. | 0.86 |
| description_snippet | Wealthy is used as a visual and horticultural benchmark in the breeding objective for hardy apple development. | 0.95 |
| description_snippet | Listed as a standard apple (standard apple, fruit 5 cm diameter or more). | 0.96 |
| selection_origin_reference | Commercially sold under the name Still but later judged incorrect; Coutts notes 'Too tender,' and Erskine once recommended it but later found it too tender for general planting. | 0.85 |
| source_reference_abbreviation | Reference notes mention Lacombe Russet (1936) and offered a good red sport. | 0.67 |
| rootstock_compatibility | Red interns. Hadow to Algoma being grafted onto hardy rootstock and interstem. | 0.53 |
| entry_hardiness_observation | Biennial bearing noted, and should be thinned; not tolerant to chlorosis. | 0.84 |
| growth_habit | Small tree; bears early and heavily. | 0.94 |
| keeping_quality | Keeps to December. | 0.96 |
| culinary_use | Described as crisp and juicy for dessert and cooking. | 0.96 |
| fruit_color | Cream yellow with scarlet flush. | 0.95 |
| fruit_size | Fruit 5 cm diameter. | 0.96 |
| hardiness_code_expansion | ST indicates a standard apple with fruit 5 cm diameter or more. | 0.99 |
| breeder_reference | Associated with Peter Gideon at Excelsior, circa 1869. | 0.98 |
| entry_pedigree | Listed as open-pollinated robusta parentage. | 0.79 |
| description_snippet | Used in a grafted combination tree bearing multiple apple varieties on one tree. | 0.90 |
| recommendation_context | Listed as one of the 'best varieties' selected for Daniels 'Vest Pocket Orchard' apple trees. | 0.97 |
| recommendation_context | The text states that in spite of fine newer varieties, Wealthy retains its popularity and will be largely planted for years to come. | 0.93 |
| flavor_profile | Described as having crisp, white, juicy flesh and sprightly flavor. | 0.97 |
| fruit_color | Its appetizing red appearance is specifically praised. | 0.94 |
| culinary_use | The entry says probably no eating apple is more popular and more loved than Wealthy. | 0.89 |
| description_snippet | Described as the old favorite fall apple of corn and pumpkin time. | 0.93 |
| recommendation_context | Presented as Minnesota's most famous apple. | 0.96 |
| breeding_cross | Beauty Blush Elsa x Wealthy | 0.65 |
| breeding_cross | Winter Queen Osman x Wealthy | 0.65 |
| breeding_cross | Osman x Wealthy | 0.65 |
| breeding_cross | Columbia x Wealthy | 0.65 |
| recommendation_count_note | Anisim (2) | 0.92 |
| recommendation_count_note | Wealthy (1) | 0.92 |
| column_scope_context | ZONE III All Rest and Northern two-thirds of State | 0.92 |
| structured_entry_json | {"column_label": "ZONE III All Rest and Northern two-thirds of State", "cultivar_name": "Wealthy", "notes": ["Wealthy (1)", "Anisim (2)", "Joan (1)"], "page_number": 1, "parser_mode": "visual_table_page", "row_context": | 0.94 |
| column_scope_context | ZONE II Counties in Minne-sota that have North Slopes & Valleys of General Prairie | 0.92 |
| structured_entry_json | {"column_label": "ZONE II Counties in Minne-sota that have North Slopes & Valleys of General Prairie", "cultivar_name": "Wealthy", "notes": ["Wealthy (2)", "Anisim (1)", "Joan (1)"], "page_number": 1, "parser_mode": "vis | 0.94 |
| recommendation_count_note | Joan (1) | 0.92 |
| recommendation_count_note | Anisim (1) | 0.92 |
| recommendation_count_note | Wealthy (2) | 0.92 |
| column_scope_context | ZONE I Southern Border, Lincoln Co., West & lower Valleys around Black Hills | 0.92 |
| taxon_context | FALL APPLES | 0.92 |
| table_axis_context | Main Crop | 0.92 |
| structured_entry_json | {"column_label": "ZONE I Southern Border, Lincoln Co., West & lower Valleys around Black Hills", "cultivar_name": "Wealthy", "notes": ["Wealthy (2)", "Anisim (1)", "Joan (1)"], "page_number": 1, "parser_mode": "visual_ta | 0.94 |
| ID | Type | Year | Label |
|---|---|---|---|
| 768 | cross_event | 1960 | Columbia x Wealthy |
| 765 | cross_event | 1960 | Beauty Blush Elsa x Wealthy |
| 764 | cross_event | 1960 | Winter Queen Osman x Wealthy |
| 763 | cross_event | 1960 | Osman x Wealthy |
| 688 | cross_event | 1960 | Osman x Wealthy |
| 571 | cross_event | 1960 | Columbia x Wealthy |
| 356 | cross_event | 1959 | Columbia x Wealthy |
| 319 | cross_event | 1960 | Columbia x Wealthy |